Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Two-photon photoassociation spectroscopy of heteronuclear YbRb

Frank Münchow, Cristian Bruni, Maximilian Madalinski, Axel Görlitz

Published Jan 1, 2011• 53 citations

Abstract

We report on the spectroscopic investigation of vibrational levels in the electronic ground state of the heteronuclear molecule (176)Yb(87)Rb. Using two-photon photoassociation spectroscopy in a laser-cooled mixture of (176)Yb and (87)Rb we are able to determine the binding energies of weakly-bound vibrational levels. By applying the LeRoy-Bernstein method we assign the vibrational quantum numbers and deduce a C(6) coefficient for the long-range part of the molecular potential of ∼2500 a.u.

DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21219b

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Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Two-photon photoassociation spectroscopy of heteronuclear YbRb

Frank Münchow, Cristian Bruni, Maximilian Madalinski, Axel Görlitz

Published Jan 1, 2011• 53 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21219b

Related papers

Two-photon photoassociation spectroscopy of CsYb: Ground-state interaction potential and interspecies scattering lengths

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We perform two-photon photoassociation spectroscopy of the heteronuclear CsYb molecule to measure the binding energies of near-threshold vibrational levels of the $X{\phantom{\rule{3.33333pt}{0ex}}}^{2}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}_{1/2}^{+}$ molecular ground state. We report results for $^{133}\mathrm{Cs}^{170}\mathrm{Yb}$ , $^{133}\mathrm{Cs}^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$ , and $^{133}\mathrm{Cs}^{174}\mathrm{Yb}$ , in each case determining the energy of several vibrational levels including the least-bound state. We fit an interaction potential based on electronic structure calculations to the binding energies for all three isotopologs and find that the ground-state potential supports 77 vibrational levels. We use the fitted potential to predict the interspecies $s$ -wave scattering lengths for all seven Cs+Yb isotopic mixtures.We perform two-photon photoassociation spectroscopy of the heteronuclear CsYb molecule to measure the binding energies of near-threshold vibrational levels of the $X{\phantom{\rule{3.33333pt}{0ex}}}^{2}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}_{1/2}^{+}$ molecular ground state. We report results for $^{133}\mathrm{Cs}^{170}\mathrm{Yb}$, $^{133}\mathrm{Cs}^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$, and $^{133}\mathrm{Cs}^{174}\mathrm{Yb}$, in each case determining the energy of several vibrational levels including the least-bound state. We fit an interaction potential based on electronic structure calculations to the binding energies for all three isotopologs and find that the ground-state potential supports 77 vibrational levels. We use the fitted potential to predict the interspecies $s$-wave scattering lengths for all seven Cs+Yb isotopic mixtures.

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We present spectroscopic studies of ultracold LiRb molecules using ionization detection. The molecules are created by cooling and trapping Li and Rb atoms in overlapping magneto-optical traps (MOTs) and using light resonant with a free-bound transition to create weakly bound excited state molecules in a process known as photoassociation (PA). We explore weakly bound vibrational levels of LiRb with PA spectroscopy using ionization detection and, where possible, compare our results with earlier measurements performed in our lab using trap-loss spectroscopy. In addition, we also probe vibrational levels of the ground triplet electronic state and excited electronic states using resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectroscopy. We identify several vibrational levels of the α3Σ+, (3)3ΠΩ and (4)3Σ + states and compare our observations with theoretical calculations. As LiRb is one of the least studied heteronuclear diatomic molecules, these studies are aimed towards exploring the molecular structure. The spectroscopic work is also in line with the long-term project goals of transferring ultracold LiRb molecules into the lowest rotational and vibrational levels of the ground singlet electronic state. Molecules in this rovibronic ground state possess a large electric dipole moment, which is essential for application of ultracold molecules in various quantum computation schemes. The rovibronic ground state will also be an ideal starting point for investigating molecular entangled states.We present spectroscopic studies of ultracold LiRb molecules using ionization detection. The molecules are created by cooling and trapping Li and Rb atoms in overlapping magneto-optical traps (MOTs) and using light resonant with a free-bound transition to create weakly bound excited state molecules in a process known as photoassociation (PA). We explore weakly bound vibrational levels of LiRb with PA spectroscopy using ionization detection and, where possible, compare our results with earlier measurements performed in our lab using trap-loss spectroscopy. In addition, we also probe vibrational levels of the ground triplet electronic state and excited electronic states using resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectroscopy. We identify several vibrational levels of the α3Σ+, (3)3ΠΩ and (4)3Σ + states and compare our observations with theoretical calculations. As LiRb is one of the least studied heteronuclear diatomic molecules, these studies are aimed towards exploring the molecular structure. The spectroscopic work is also in line with the long-term project goals of transferring ultracold LiRb molecules into the lowest rotational and vibrational levels of the ground singlet electronic state. Molecules in this rovibronic ground state possess a large electric dipole moment, which is essential for application of ultracold molecules in various quantum computation schemes. The rovibronic ground state will also be an ideal starting point for investigating molecular entangled states.

Jan 1, 20142 citations

^{133}\mathrm{Cs}^{170}\mathrm{Yb}

^{133}\mathrm{Cs}^{173}\mathrm{Yb}

, and

^{133}\mathrm{Cs}^{174}\mathrm{Yb}

, in each case determining the energy of several vibrational levels including the least-bound state. We fit an interaction potential based on electronic structure calculations to the binding energies for all three isotopologs and find that the ground-state potential supports 77 vibrational levels. We use the fitted potential to predict the interspecies

s

-wave scattering lengths for all seven Cs+Yb isotopic mixtures.

We report on measurements of the binding energies of several weakly bound vibrational states of the paramagnetic

^{174}\mathrm{Yb}^{6}\mathrm{Li}

molecule in the electronic ground state using two-photon spectroscopy in an ultracold atomic mixture confined in an optical dipole trap. We theoretically analyze the experimental spectrum to obtain an accurate description of the long-range potential of the ground-state molecule. Based on the measured binding energies, we arrive at an improved value of the interspecies

s

-wave scattering length

{a}_{s0}=30\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{a}_{0}

. Employing coherent two-photon spectroscopy we also observe the creation of ``dark'' atom-molecule superposition states in the heteronuclear Yb-Li system. This paper is an important step towards the efficient production of ultracold YbLi molecules via association from an ultracold atomic mixture.

We report on the observation of photoassociation (PA) near the

\text{[Rb]}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}5s\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}+\text{[Yb]}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}6s\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}6p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{3}P_{1}

asymptote in a mixture of

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

and

^{170}\mathrm{Yb}

. In a search spanning binding energies between 0.1 and 11 GHz, a single pair of interspecies PA resonances is detected around 3.1 GHz. These resonances are characterized by extracting PA rates, binding energies, and Zeeman shift coefficients. Using one of these resonances, two-photon photoassociation is performed, improving on previous measurements of the binding energies of the two least bound states in the electronic ground state and demonstrating intercombination-line photoassociation as a powerful spectroscopic tool. We discuss implications for pathways towards RbYb molecules in the absolute ground state.

We report the production of ultracold heteronuclear

{\mathrm{Cs}}^{*}\mathrm{Yb}

molecules through one-photon photoassociation applied to an ultracold atomic mixture of Cs and Yb confined in an optical dipole trap. We use trap-loss spectroscopy to detect molecular states below the

\mathrm{Cs}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}(^{2}P_{1/2})+\mathrm{Yb}(^{1}S_{0})

asymptote. For

^{133}\mathrm{Cs}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{174}\mathrm{Yb}

, we observe 13 rovibrational states with binding energies up to $\ensuremath{\sim}500\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GHz}$. For each rovibrational state we observe two resonances associated with the Cs hyperfine structure and show that the hyperfine splitting in the diatomic molecule decreases for more deeply bound states. In addition, we produce ultracold fermionic

^{133}\mathrm{Cs}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{173}\mathrm{Yb}

and bosonic

^{133}\mathrm{Cs}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{172}\mathrm{Yb}

and

^{133}\mathrm{Cs}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{170}\mathrm{Yb}

molecules. From mass scaling, we determine the number of vibrational levels supported by the 2(1/2) excited-state potential to be 154 or 155.

^{87}\text{R}\text{b}

with

^{174}\text{Y}\text{b}

and

^{176}\text{Y}\text{b}

. The molecules could be prepared in well-defined rovibrational levels, allowing for an experimental determination of the long-range potential in the electronically excited state.