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Optics Letters

Doppleron-catalyzed Bragg resonances in atom optics

Scott Alan Glasgow, Pierre Meystre, Martin Wilkens

Published Sep 15, 1992• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A novel scheme to achieve large-angle atomic diffraction by standing-wave fields is proposed. It uses a highorder Doppleron resonance as a catalyst to speed up a high-order Bragg resonance by orders of magnitude. This effect occurs when the atom-field frequency detuning is such that the Bragg resonance and the Doppleron resonance become degenerate.

DOI
10.1364/ol.17.001301

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•Jan 1, 1993•0 citations
A novel scheme to achieve large-angle atomic diffraction by standing-wave fields is proposed. It uses a highorder Doppleron resonance as a catalyst to speed up a high-order Bragg resonance by orders of magnitude. This effect occurs when the atom-field frequency detuning is such that the Bragg resonance and the Doppleron resonance become degenerate.
Effective atomic beam splitters providing large scattering angles are central to atom optics and atom interferometry. Their most common optical realization relies on first-order Bragg scattering, which generates a splitting of the atomic wave function in momentum space. For typical atomic beam velocities of the order of 100 m/s, 2ħk produces very small scattering angles. Higher-order Bragg scattering is of questionable practicality, because of the need for atom–field interaction times that scale exponentially with the scattering order. Attempts at solving this problem include the introduction of multiple laser beams, the use of three-level transition schemes, and the application of velocity-tuned, or Doppleron, resonances. We present a novel scheme that uses a Doppleron resonance as a catalyst to speed up a high-order Bragg resonance by orders of magnitude. This effect occurs when the atom–field frequency detuning is such that the Bragg resonance and the Doppleron resonance become degenerate. Alternatively, in the band-theoretical description of the near-resonant Kapitza–Dirac effect, the Doppleron resonance is required to occur either at the center or at the boundary of the first Brillouin zone.
Multi-photon Doppleron resonances are investigated for the diffraction of atoms by a classical standing-wave optical field in the regime where energy conservation limits the diffraction orders. In this regime, atomic recoil is incorporated into the description, and consideration of the dynamical shift of the resonance condition from the purely kinematic results becomes critical to observing the desired diffraction of the atomic wave function. Special attention is given to the development of a technique for evaluating the resonances which constitutes a significant simplification of the usual degenerate perturbation theory approach for a quantum-mechanical Hamiltonian. Also developed is a specialized off-resonant atom-field interaction which is shown to be maximally efficient at producing high-order diffraction of the atomic wave function. Suggestions for its implementation are given.