In a quantum many-body system, dimensionality plays a critical role in determining the type of quantum phase transition. To study the quantum system during dimensional crossover, we studied the Bose-Hubbard model on a cubic lattice with anisotropic hopping by using the high-order symbolic strong-coupling expansion method. The analytic series expanded boundaries between the Mott insulator and the superfluid phase up to eighth order are calculated. The critical exponents are extracted by the Pad\'e resummation method, which clearly shows dimensional crossover behavior. Meanwhile, the critical points at commensurate filling can also be obtained, and they match well with the prediction of renormalization group theory. Finally, the scaling of the gap energy and the whole phase diagram are given, and they can be taken as the benchmark for experiment and numerical simulations in future study.
The critical behavior at the special surface transition and crossover bevavior from special to ordinary surface transition in semi-infinite n-component anisotropic cubic models are investigated by applying the field theoretic approach directly in d=3 dimensions up to the two-loop approximation. The crossover behavior for random semi-infinite Ising-like system, which is the nontrivial particular case of the cubic model in the limit
n→0, is also investigated. The numerical estimates of the resulting two-loop series expansions for the critical exponents of the special surface transition, surface crossover critical exponent
Φ and the surface critical exponents of the layer,
α1, and local specific heats,
α11, are computed by means of Pade and Pade-Borel resummation techniques. For
nnc the cubic fixed point is stable, where
nc is the marginal spin dimensionality of the cubic model. The obtained results indicate that the surface critical behavior of semi-infinite systems with cubic anisotropy is characterized by new set of surface critical exponents for
n>nc.