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Journal of Low Temperature Physics

Theory of the signal transfer and noise properties of the rf SQUID

G. J. Ehnholm

Published Oct 1, 1977• 43 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf00659086

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The superconducting quantum interferometer with two quantization loops, the so-called double SQUID, or D-SQUID, is a modification of the well-known rf SQUID. The modification consists of a replacement of the one junction of the rf SQUID by a superconducting loop with two Josephson junctions. This device can be used to transform the weak magnetic flux applied to the loop with junctions to a voltage across the tank circuit inductively coupled to the other loop. As has previously been shown in experiments [G. S. Krivoy and H. Koch, J. Appl. Phys. 74, 2925 (1993)], D-SQUIDs have an extremely large output signal swing up to 1 mV and a transfer function of several mV/(h/2e). In this paper, a D-SQUID theory using a numerical and an analytical approach is developed. The theoretical results are compared with the above-mentioned experiments.

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rf SQUIDSs: The state of the science

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The theory of rf SQUID opteration, including the effects of fluctuations, is discussed. The theory is in agreement with the large signal and small signal behavior of real devices under optimum conditions. The noise levels of many existing rf SQUID systems are substantially above those predicted on the basis of amplifier noise temperatures. All rf SQUIDs seem to exhibit excess noise of unknown origin at low input frequencies. The limitations of devices and future directions of development are considered.

AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 1978•5 citations
The theory of rf SQUID operation, including the effects of fluctuations, is discussed. The theory is in agreement with the large signal and small signal behavior of real devices under optimum conditions. The noise levels of many existing rf SQUID systems are substantially above those predicted on the basis of amplifier noise temperatures. All rf SQUIDs seem to exhibit excess noise of unknown origin at low input frequencies. The limitations of devices and future directions of development are considered.
The superconducting quantum interferometer with two quantization loops, the so-called double SQUID, or D-SQUID, is a modification of the well-known rf SQUID. The modification consists of a replacement of the one junction of the rf SQUID by a superconducting loop with two Josephson junctions. This device can be used to transform the weak magnetic flux applied to the loop with junctions to a voltage across the tank circuit inductively coupled to the other loop. As has previously been shown in experiments [G. S. Krivoy and H. Koch, J. Appl. Phys. 74, 2925 (1993)], D-SQUIDs have an extremely large output signal swing up to 1 mV and a transfer function of several mV/(h/2e). In this paper, a D-SQUID theory using a numerical and an analytical approach is developed. The theoretical results are compared with the above-mentioned experiments.
The theory of rf SQUID opteration, including the effects of fluctuations, is discussed. The theory is in agreement with the large signal and small signal behavior of real devices under optimum conditions. The noise levels of many existing rf SQUID systems are substantially above those predicted on the basis of amplifier noise temperatures. All rf SQUIDs seem to exhibit excess noise of unknown origin at low input frequencies. The limitations of devices and future directions of development are considered.