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Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics

Path integral representation for the solution of a stochastic Schrodinger equation driven by a semimartingale

Luis A. Rincón

Published Jan 1, 2004• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper we prove a path integral representation in configuration space for the solution of a stochastic Schrödinger equation driven by a continuous semimartingale. We follow the approach of path integration established by Itô Albeverio and Høegh-Krohn. The equation we consider is the classical Schrödinger equation plus the stochastic term K(t, x)Ψt(x) o dMt, where Mt is a continuous semimartingale. As an application of our result we solve the equation for a stochastic quantum harmonic oscillator. We solve the path integral representation twice, first by discretising the path integral and also by a change of variable. We finally give the solution to the corresponding stochastic heat equation.

DOI
10.1080/09720502.2004.10700368

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In this paper we prove a path integral representation in configuration space for the solution of a stochastic Schrödinger equation driven by a continuous semimartingale. We follow the approach of path integration established by Itô Albeverio and Høegh-Krohn. The equation we consider is the classical Schrödinger equation plus the stochastic term K(t, x)Ψt(x) o dMt, where Mt is a continuous semimartingale. As an application of our result we solve the equation for a stochastic quantum harmonic oscillator. We solve the path integral representation twice, first by discretising the path integral and also by a change of variable. We finally give the solution to the corresponding stochastic heat equation.
Solutions to the Schrödinger, heat and stochastic Schrödinger equation with rather general potentials are represented, both in x- and p-representations, as integrals over the path space with respect to σ-finite measures. In the case of x-representation, the corresponding measure is concentrated on the Cameron–Martin Hilbert space of curves with L2-integrable derivatives. The case of the Schrödinger equation is treated by means of a regularization based on the introduction of either complex times or continuous non-demolition observations.
A new axiomatic formulation of path integrals is used to construct a path integral solution of the Schrödinger equation in curvilinear coordinates. An important feature of the formalism is that a coordinate transformation in the variables of the wavefunction does not imply a change of variable of integration in the path integral. Consequently, a transformation from Euclidean to curvilinear coordinates is simple to handle; there is no need to introduce ‘‘quantum corrections’’ into the action functional. Furthermore, the paths are differentiable: hence, issues related to stochastic paths do not arise. The procedure for constructing the path integral solution of the Schrödinger equation is straightforward. The case of the Schrödinger equation in spherical coordinates for a free particle is presented in detail.
The conventional approach to quantum mechanics begins with the classical Hamiltonian and changes observables to non-commuting operators. Generally, the quantum mechanics based on the Schrodinger equation is preferred for a system of particles. But path integral formulation of quantum mechanics finds applications in more complicated situations, particularly, in quantum field theory. The purpose of solving the Schrodinger equation lies in finding the time evolution operator which is able to generate the time translation of the given system. Richard Feynman noticed that it was necessary to perform integrals over all space variables at every instant of time to find the transition amplitudes. Dissipative phenomena with a quantum origin manifest themselves in many different situations and hence the study of dissipative systems and their quantization is of a great theoretical and practical value. Many dissipative systems can be modelled as a linearly damped harmonic oscillator.