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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Squeezed light interacting with a two-level atom

Zou Ming-liang, Guo Guang-Can

Published Jul 14, 1989• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The changes in the properties of squeezed light after interaction with a two-level atom are analysed. The photon count distributions are calculated for the case of an atom initially in the ground state or an excited state. The squeezing and antibunching of the field are discussed. The quadrature variance of the field shows strong oscillations and the squeezing finally disappears.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/22/13/025

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The changes in the properties of squeezed light after interaction with a two-level atom are analysed. The photon count distributions are calculated for the case of an atom initially in the ground state or an excited state. The squeezing and antibunching of the field are discussed. The quadrature variance of the field shows strong oscillations and the squeezing finally disappears.
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We investigate some of the fundamental features of the interaction of squeezed light with two-level atoms in the framework of the Jaynes-Cummings model. We start our analysis by calculating the collapses and revivals of the atomic inversion. We discuss the degree of purity of the field (given by the entropy) and its disentanglement from the atomic source. The connection with the evolution of the Q-function is also made. We notice that contrary to the coherent state case, the field turns into a nearly pure (squeezed) state at the revival time as if the field was prepared in a coherent state. The field also becomes a superposition of squeezed states at half of the revival time, and this is confirmed by investigating the photon number distribution. The phase properties of the field are discussed using the Pegg-Barnett formalism.
Resonance fluorescence from a single two-level atom driven by a beam of squeezed light is studied in the weak-field limit. We consider the situation where the atom is coupled to the ordinary vacuum and only a few field modes corresponding to the driving field are squeezed. The field produced by the degenerate optical parametric oscillator is used as the driving field. Heisenberg equations of motion are solved in the steady-state and analytic expressions for the fluorescent-light intensity and the spectrum of fluorescent light are derived. We also consider photon statistics of fluorescent light. In particular, squeezing, antibunching, and sub-Poissonian statistics of fluorescent photons are discussed, and analytic expressions for the quadrature variance and the two-time intensity correlation function are presented. Contrary to the case of coherent excitation, the second-order intensity correlation function does not factorize. This and other differences are discussed, and curves are presented to illustrate the behavior of various quantities. We also present results for thermal excitation of the atom.
The Jaynes–Cummings interaction of a two-level atom with the radiation field is studied when the radiation is initially in a strongly squeezed coherent state. The dynamic response of the atomic inversion shows echoes after each revival when the squeezed coherent state exhibits an oscillatory photon-counting distribution due to the phase-space interference effect. The sensitivity of the dynamic behavior to approximations used in computing the atomic inversion is discussed. Comparison is made with the intensity-dependent interaction model of Buck and Sukumar [ Phys. Lett.81A, 132 ( 1981)]; this model does not exhibit echoes. The mean, variance, and entropy for the photon-number distribution are calculated and found to show behavior similar to that of the atomic inversion.