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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Kinetics of diffusive ionisation of atoms

Vytautas Karpus

Published Jun 28, 1988• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The non-stationary equation of diffusion in energy space is solved when the initial binding energy of the atom is much smaller than the thermal energy kBT (collisional scattering) or atomic energy (interaction with a microwave field). As the result, analytic expressions for the diffusive ionisation rate of Rydberg atoms are obtained in the regime of their non-stationary generation.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/21/12/016

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The non-stationary equation of diffusion in energy space is solved when the initial binding energy of the atom is much smaller than the thermal energy kBT (collisional scattering) or atomic energy (interaction with a microwave field). As the result, analytic expressions for the diffusive ionisation rate of Rydberg atoms are obtained in the regime of their non-stationary generation.
The non-stationary multistep (diffusion-like) ionisation of Rydberg atoms is considered theoretically. The investigation is based on the time-dependent Fokker-Planck equation and is related to collisional and microwave ionisation of Rydberg atoms. Analytical expressions for the mean time and the higher moments of the distribution of the diffusive ionisation times are derived. The conditions for the occurrence of diffusive ionisation are obtained. The relation of the present study to stationary diffusive ionisation and the experimental investigation of the ionisation of Rydberg atoms is discussed.
The ionisation of highly excited Rydberg atoms in collisions with ground-state atoms is considered. The stationary diffusion-like mechanism of the ionisation is presented. The investigation is based on the Fokker-Planck equation. Analytical expressions for the probabilities of stationary diffusive ionisation are obtained and applied for the explanation of experimental results on the ionisation of highly excited Rydberg states of caesium in collisions with ground-state Cs atoms. It is concluded that the diffusive mechanism is the main mechanism for collisional ionisation of Rydberg atoms with n>or approximately=25-30.
The distribution functions and diffusion coefficient of electrons in the Rydberg energy space in an ultracold plasma are obtained as functions of temperature by numerically solving a system of kinetic balance equations. As the initial conditions, the results obtained in previous papers by the molecular dynamics method are used. From calculation of Rydberg electron fluxes, the temperature dependence of the recombination coefficient is obtained, in good agreement with the recombination coefficient calculated previously by the molecular dynamics method.
The diffusion model of ionization of Rydberg atoms in single collisions is formulated. The solution of kinetic equations describing nonstationary diffusion processes is discussed. Methods of analytical calculation of the effective times for the development of ionization in phase regions with moving boundaries are presented. An analytical method, going back to Weisskopf, for determining the corresponding cross sections for impact ionization in the adiabatic approximation is described. A numerical scheme for solving problems of stochastic movement of a Rydberg electron inside a Coulomb condensation of levels under conditions of time-variable ionization boundaries and region of development of stochastic instability is developed.