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Communications in Theoretical Physics

Influence of Decoherence on Interference Between Two Bose-Einstein Condensates

Aihua Zeng, Kuang Le-Man

Published Jan 15, 2004• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The influence of decoherence on interference between two trapped Bose–Einstein condensates with arbitrary initial states is studied. Analytic expressions of the intensity and visibility of the interference pattern are found. It is shown that the decoherence weakens the interference intensity and decreases the visibility of the interference pattern.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/41/1/41

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The influence of decoherence on interference between two trapped Bose–Einstein condensates with arbitrary initial states is studied. Analytic expressions of the intensity and visibility of the interference pattern are found. It is shown that the decoherence weakens the interference intensity and decreases the visibility of the interference pattern.
In this paper, decoherence in a system consisting of two Bose-Einstein condensates is investigated analytically. It is indicated that decoherence can be controlled by manipulating the interaction between the system and environment. The influence of the decoherence on quantum coherent atomic tunneling (AT) between two condensates with arbitrary initial states is studied in detail. Analytical expressions of the population difference (PD) and the AT current between two condensates are found. It is shown that the decoherence leads to the decay of the PD and the suppression of the AT current.
The visibility of the density interference pattern of two Bose-Einstein condensates, which are produced in traps and overlap after the trapping potential is switched off, is investigated. Coherent wave packets are used to describe the order parameter in a second-quantization formalism. This results in a decrease of the visibility of the interference fringes with increasing time delay between the formation of the condensates and the observation of interference. In the two limiting cases of ideal and very dense gases the correlation time increases, τ →∞, and the result is identical to that obtained using an approach based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Under the conditions of the experiment performed by M. R. Andrews, C. G. Townsend, H. J. Miesner et al. , Science 275 , 6367 (1997), the computed correlation time τ ≈0.2 s is much longer than the confinement time of the condensate, and it is possible to observe the predicted decrease of visibility of the interference fringes of the density of the atoms.