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Il Nuovo cimento della Società italiana di fisica. B/Il Nuovo cimento B

On the meaning of certain wave equations and the concept of mass in quantum theory

Helmut J. Efinger

Published Oct 1, 1992• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf02727206

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Following the spirit of de Broglie and Einstein, we think the concepts of matter and radiation can be unified. We know a particle propagates like a wave; its motion is described by certain wave equations. At this point, it is not clear what the wave function represents. Besides the statistical meaning suggested by the Copenhagen interpretation, does the wave function represent any physical motion? For photon, we know it is an electro-magnetic wave. But what about particles with rest mass, such as an electron? To investigate the physical nature of matter wave, we propose that: (1) Like the photon, a particle is an excitation wave of a real physical field. (2) Different types of particles are different excitation modes of the same field. Based on this thinking, we show that the concept of quantum mechanics can be a natural extension of classical mechanics. By critically analyzing the transition from classical physics to quantum physics, we found a new physical meaning for the quantum wave function. This work suggests that various quantum wave equations, including the Klein-Gordon equation, the Dirac equation and the Schrodinger equation, could have a common base relating to the Basic Wave Equation of the matter wave. This work has some interesting implications. It suggests a possible way to explain the origin of visible matters and dark matters in our universe.
This article will prove and supply the mathematical evidence that “Quantum Mechanical Probability Waves” (De Broglie waves / Material Waves) do have mass. “De Broglie Waves” contain all the mass of all the matter in our universe. What we do measure in our complex experiments are only “De Broglie Waves” and never the illusionary elementary particles. “De Broglie Waves” are the only carrier of the Physical Observable (Measurable) world. Elementary particles are the worldwide accepted physical concept during the last 2400 years since Democritus, a Greek philosopher (460 - 370 BC) had introduced the fundamental concept of the atom (atomos). The “New Theory” presents a “New Equation” describing the electromagnetic field configurations which are also solutions of the Schrodinger's wave equation and the relativistic quantum mechanical Dirac Equation and carry mass, electric charge and magnetic spin at discrete values.
Abstract The form of the wave equation for a non-rotating electron suggests that it enters into the theory very much in the same way as the wave equation associated with electromagnetic theory. It would be expected to be derivable from equations of the first order corresponding to Maxwell's equations. It has been suggested that the function Ψ might enter by means of a relation such as s = grad Ψ (1) where s replaces the current four vector of the electromagnetic theory. The difficulty in connection with this procedure is to account for the phenomena associated with electronic rotation. Dirac has shown how to overcome this difficulty and has derived first order equations which can be derived from generalisations of Maxwell's equations. There are certain difficulties with regard to the form of Dirac's results which have been much discussed and some of them have been removed. There are two unsatisfactory points in the treatment of this question. One is the introduction of an operator (h/2πi ∂/∂xα - eϕα) into the equations when it is desired to pass from a non-electromagnetic problem to one in which an electromagnetic field is present. The second difficulty lies in the occurrence of a term in mc. Darwin has pointed out this difficulty and considers that it is due to our inability to calculate electromagnetic mass in the quantum theory.