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Physical Review Letters

Coherent Single Photon Transport in a One-Dimensional Waveguide Coupled with Superconducting Quantum Bits

Jung‐Tsung Shen, Shanhui Fan

Published Nov 14, 2005• 486 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A recent theoretical analysis and experimental results show that interesting transport properties of a single microwave photon emerge when a quantum bit in a cavity is coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. Here we adopt a real-space model Hamiltonian to give a unified approach which accounts for the experimental results, and make new predictions on the properties of single photon transport, such as the general Fano line shape, symmetric vacuum Rabi splitting for a leaky cavity at resonance, and a one-photon switching capability.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.95.213001

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A recent theoretical analysis and experimental results show that interesting transport properties of a single microwave photon emerge when a quantum bit in a cavity is coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. Here we adopt a real-space model Hamiltonian to give a unified approach which accounts for the experimental results, and make new predictions on the properties of single photon transport, such as the general Fano line shape, symmetric vacuum Rabi splitting for a leaky cavity at resonance, and a one-photon switching capability.
An external mirror coupling to a cavity with a two-level atom inside is put forward to control the photon transport along a one-dimensional waveguide. Using a full quantum theory of photon transport in real space, it is shown that the Rabi splittings of the photonic transmission spectra can be controlled by the cavity-mirror couplings; the splittings could still be observed even when the cavity-atom system works in the weak coupling regime, and the transmission probability of the resonant photon can be modulated from 0 to 100%. Additionally, our numerical results show that the appearance of Fano resonance is related to the strengths of the cavity-mirror coupling and the dissipations of the system. An experimental demonstration of the proposal with the current photonic crystal waveguide technique is suggested.
We analyze the coherent transport of a single photon, which propagates in a one-dimensional coupled-resonator waveguide and is scattered by a controllable two-level system located inside one of the resonators of this waveguide. Our approach, which uses discrete coordinates, unifies low and high energy effective theories for single-photon scattering. We show that the controllable two-level system can behave as a quantum switch for the coherent transport of a single photon. This study may inspire new electro-optical single-photon quantum devices. We also suggest an experimental setup based on superconducting transmission line resonators and qubits.
We investigate theoretically single photon transport in one-dimensional waveguide coupled to a pair of cavities, which are denoted by the first cavity and the auxiliary cavity. Two cases with no atom and one atom embedded in the first cavity are discussed. The Fano dips in the transmission spectrum and locations of transparency window are calculated. When no atom is embedded in the first cavity, there exists a transparency window under the condition that the first cavity and the auxiliary cavity are not resonant. The locations of the transparency window and Fano line type depend strongly on the eigen frequency of the auxiliary cavity and the coupling strength between the auxiliary cavity and the waveguide. When one atom is embedded in the first cavity, we show that the transparency window exists even though the first cavity, the atom and the auxiliary cavity are resonant. The Fano line type is strongly dependent on the eigen frequency of the auxiliary cavity and the coupling strength. Our results have potential applications in design of quantum devices at the level of single photon, such as single photon switch and single photon routers.
We study the transmission and reflection properties of a single-photon pulse in a one-dimensional waveguide side coupled with a Jaynes-Cummings system, namely, a multi-cavity with an embedded Rydberg atom. A Single-photon pulse is applied to tune the atoms energy spectrum, and varying it can bring the atomic qubit transition on or off-resonance for the cavity. The transmission and reflection behavior are systematically explored by a real-space model Hamiltonian and we find that the coupling strength between the waveguide and the side optical cavity exerts a tremendous impact on it. The influence of cavity and atomic dissipations and the incident pulse width on the transport properties of the single-photon is also investigated simultaneously. Based on these phenomena, we point out the possibility of utilizing this system as a single-photon transport in practice and has potential applications in quantum information.
Single-photon transport properties in a one-dimensional coupled resonator waveguide, coupled to a whispering-gallery resonator interacting with two separated two-level atoms, are theoretically investigated. Based on the real-space approach, the transmission and reflection amplitudes of the single photon are deduced. Numerical results demonstrate that the transmission and reflection depend on the resonator–atom coupling, the intermode backscattering, and especially the phase difference between these two separated atoms. Effects of dissipation on single-photon transport properties are also discussed.