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Physical Review A

Theoretical study of double-resonance processes in the helium continuum

Alessandro Lami, N. K. Rahman, Pietro Spizzo

Published Sep 1, 1989• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The ionization spectrum of the He atom under double-resonance irradiation is studied theoretically. A previously developed theory is extended and adapted to treat this process. The first source (synchrotron) is tuned around the transition from the ground state to the 23sp-- $^{1}P^{o}$ autoionizing state, and the second source (laser) is put in resonance with the transition from 23sp-- $^{1}P^{o}$ to the higher-lying quasibound state 2p3p-- $^{1}P^{e}$ (or 2p4p, 2p5p). Accurate ab initio calculations have been performed to obtain all the necessary parameters. It is found that the single-field ionization spectrum is strongly modified, exhibiting coherent trapping and ac Stark splitting. These results are in consonance with previous model calculations as well as with other ab initio calculations on a different zone of the He continuum. The results show that for the resonances considered these strong effects can be observed at megawatt laser intensities.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.40.2385

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•Jan 1, 1998•0 citations
The ionization spectrum of the He atom under double-resonance irradiation is studied theoretically. A previously developed theory is extended and adapted to treat this process. The first source (synchrotron) is tuned around the transition from the ground state to the 23sp-- 1Po^{1}P^{o}1Po autoionizing state, and the second source (laser) is put in resonance with the transition from 23sp-- 1Po^{1}P^{o}1Po to the higher-lying quasibound state 2p3p-- 1Pe^{1}P^{e}1Pe (or 2p4p, 2p5p). Accurate ab initio calculations have been performed to obtain all the necessary parameters. It is found that the single-field ionization spectrum is strongly modified, exhibiting coherent trapping and ac Stark splitting. These results are in consonance with previous model calculations as well as with other ab initio calculations on a different zone of the He continuum. The results show that for the resonances considered these strong effects can be observed at megawatt laser intensities.
We discuss the dynamics of doubly resonant ionization in helium involving the strong coupling of two doubly excited autoionizing resonances, under the influence of XUV radiation of short duration (DESY FEL) and a synchronized optical laser. We explore the possibility of using the photoelectron spectra to extract information about the pulse shape of the FEL. We present in addition new calculations of the expected AC Stark splitting due to the strong coupling of the two resonances and show that, within the range of intensities and pulse durations expected in the experiments, additional structure, beyond the usual doublet, is to be expected.
We discuss the dynamics of the two-photon resonant ionization of helium involving two autoionizing states in the presence of two-color laser fields. The first source is tuned around the transition from the ground state to the 2s2p 1Po autoionizing state, and the second couples the state 2s2p 1Po to the 2p2 1S autoionizing state. The laser coupling between the doubly excited states is shown to lead to modifications of the Beutler-Fano profile and the appearance of an Autler-Townes doublet. This double resonance effect between autoionizing states can be observed at moderate laser intensities easily attainable by currently operated sources.
Single photoionization of neutral atoms is examined theoretically for a situation in which the photoionizing laser is tuned close to the resonant frequency for transitions between the ground and first-excited states of the positive ion. The resonant coupling in the positive ion is shown to have a dramatic peak-splitting effect on the kinetic-energy spectrum of the ionized electron. An essential-states analysis of the photoionization process is presented, and a comparison is made with numerical results for one-dimensional helium. The agreement between the results establishes the validity of the essential-states approach. The possibility of superposing this core-coherence effect with laser-induced autoionization effects is considered.
Four-photon double detachment of the helium negative ion is investigated experimentally and theoretically for photon energies where the transient helium atom is in the 1s2s3S1s2s\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{3}S1s2s3S or 1s2p3Po1s2p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{3}P^{\mathrm{o}}1s2p3Po states, which subsequently ionize by absorption of three photons. Ionization is enhanced by intermediate resonances, giving rise to series of peaks in the He+{\mathrm{He}}^{+}He+ spectrum, which we study in detail. The He+{\mathrm{He}}^{+}He+ yield is measured in the wavelength ranges from 530 to 560 nm and from 685 to 730 nm and for various polarizations of the laser light. Double detachment is treated theoretically as a sequential process, within the framework of RRR-matrix theory for the first step and effective Hamiltonian theory for the second step. Experimental conditions are accurately modeled, and the measured and simulated yields are in good qualitative and, in some cases, quantitative agreement. Resonances in the double detachment spectra can be attributed to well-defined Rydberg states of the transient atom. The double detachment yield exhibits a strong dependence on the laser polarization which can be related to the magnetic quantum number of the intermediate atomic state. We also investigate the possibility of nonsequential double detachment with a two-color experiment but observe no evidence for it.
Within this work, electron dynamics of autoionizing, doubly excited states in helium are investigated. Therefore, strong field couplings of these states are studied in two spectral regimes: in the infrared and in the extreme ultraviolet. A laser system capable of tuning its output-pulses' central wavelength within the infrared spectral regime is installed and characterized by a FROG setup. Furthermore, high harmonics of these output pulses are generated and discussed. First intensity dependent and time resolved experiments in helium with this laser system are presented and supported by numerical calculations. The transition from an unperturbed light induced state, which is generated from the 2p4p state, to a resonant Autler-Townes splitting of the sp2;3+ state is observed. Furthermore, strong field couplings between the ground and a doubly-excited state are studied in the extreme ultraviolet only regime. With the help of simulations Rabi-like couplings and Stark shifts for ultrashort pulses leading to a manipulated absorption line shape are investigated. The same study is carried out for autoionizing states. This theory part is used to explain experimentally measured line-shape changes of the 2s2p resonance in helium interacting with FEL pulses.
Summary form only given. We present experimental observations along with theoretical modeling of laser induced continuum structure (LICS) in helium. The excited state 4s/sup 1/S/sub 0/ is coupled to the ionization continuum with strong laser radiation at 1064 nm. The induced continuum structure is detected by ionization of the state 2s/sup 1/S/sub 0/ with a weak laser pulse at 294 nm. Enhancement as well as strong reduction of ionization due to trapping of population can be observed. We demonstrate how LICS structures move about in a systematic way as a result of the AC Stark effect and power broadening. Quantitative comparison between theory and experiment is possible because of the high spectral resolution achieved in this experiment.