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Science China Information Sciences

On the developments and applications of optical microcavities: an overview

Tie-Jun Wang, Cong Cao, Chuan Xi Wang

Published Dec 1, 2013• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11432-013-5041-0

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Devices based on the optical microcavities which confne light to small volumes by resonant recirculation are already indispensable for a wide range of studies and applications. This article provides an overview of the development and application of optical microcavities. We frst give a pedagogical introduction to the interaction between a two-level system and a quantized electromagnetic feld in the cavity, based on the so-called Jaynes-Cummings model, which is basic and important theory model in the cavity quantum electrodynamics,and various quantum phenomena and applications of it. Then, we overview three basic types of the microcavity structures, and also highlight the progress achieved so far in these systems. Based on these three structures,we give an account of three representative applications of optical microcavities, and explain their microcavity requirements and the state of the art for these devices, before outlining the challenges for the future.

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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•May 18, 2007•2 citations
Devices based on the optical microcavities which confne light to small volumes by resonant recirculation are already indispensable for a wide range of studies and applications. This article provides an overview of the development and application of optical microcavities. We frst give a pedagogical introduction to the interaction between a two-level system and a quantized electromagnetic feld in the cavity, based on the so-called Jaynes-Cummings model, which is basic and important theory model in the cavity quantum electrodynamics,and various quantum phenomena and applications of it. Then, we overview three basic types of the microcavity structures, and also highlight the progress achieved so far in these systems. Based on these three structures,we give an account of three representative applications of optical microcavities, and explain their microcavity requirements and the state of the art for these devices, before outlining the challenges for the future.
Abstract Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a quantum interference effect arising from different transition pathways of optical fields. Within the transparency window, both absorption and dispersion properties strongly change, which results in extensive applications such as slow light and optical storage. Due to the ultrahigh quality factors, massive production on a chip and convenient all‐optical control, optical microcavities provide an ideal platform for realizing EIT. Here we review the principle and recent development of EIT in optical microcavities. We focus on the following three situations. First, for a coupled‐cavity system, all‐optical EIT appears when the optical modes in different cavities couple to each other. Second, in a single microcavity, all‐optical EIT is created when interference happens between two optical modes. Moreover, the mechanical oscillation of the microcavity leads to optomechanically induced transparency. Then the applications of EIT effect in microcavity systems are discussed, including light delay and storage, sensing, and field enhancement. A summary is then given in the final part of the paper.
All optical devices based on nonlinear effects that use low-level power pumping acquire a great importance in optical communications systems and photonic processing. These optical devices can be implemented by means of different structures and materials. For instance, Fabry-Perot vertical microcavities, whispering gallery based microcavities or hybrid system of photonic crystal microcavities can improve their performance and so make possible a real implementation. In this research work we review the properties of optical media with three-level systems in which electromagnetically induced transparency has been induced. We analyse the effect of including such kind of material in an optical microcavity of the order of wavelenghts. Transmission properties like as the quality factor, the peak of transmission, the power of the coupling field in these microcavities with very small volume and very high non-linear Kerr coefficients will be analysed. Their application for developing new all-optical photonic devices for the next generation of all-optical networks, optical packets switching networks, and quantum information processing will be presented.