Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review A

Resonance broadening and shifting of spectral lines in xenon and krypton

Wanda R. Ferrell, M. G. Payne, W. R. Garrett

Published Jul 1, 1987• 29 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Three-photon excitation and multiphoton ionization techniques have been used to measure self-broadening for several resonance lines in xenon and krypton. Tabulations of widths and shifts of the xenon lines at 146.9, 129.6, 119.2, and 117.0 nm were made for pressures between 50 and 900 Torr. Similar measurements were made for the krypton resonance line at 116.5 nm. For pressures less than 500 Torr the widths were found to be in reasonable agreement with theoretical results, which were extrapolated into regions of concentration where the criteria for their validity are at best questionable. We have also found the lines to be shifted to the high-energy side of the unperturbed line. For four of the five lines studied, the blue shifts increased nearly linearly with increasing pressure. In the four cases where the shift could be measured the ratio of shift to width was close to (1/2. Our experimental technique is very simple, but it has yielded what we believe to be the first resonance broadening data based on absorption under conditions where there is strong trapping of the resonance radiation.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.36.81

Related papers

Extreme pressure broadening of three-photon resonances in noble gases

W. R. Ferrell, M. G. Payne, W. R. Garrett

A pressure-broadening study of three-photon and one-photon resonances was performed using counterpropagating, linearly polarized laser beams. Self-broadening, as well as the collision-induced effects due to the presence of a second noble gas, was investigated for the 6s, 6s′, 5d and 7s of xenon and the 5s′ of krypton. A multiphoton ionization scheme in a calibrated proportional counter is the basis of a new technique by which collisional processes can be investigated for high pressure regimes which have previously been inaccessible to investigation, particularly for self-broadening where the mean free path of the photons is of the order of 10−3 cm for pressures as low as 1 Torr. Using this technique, we have recorded the collision-induced widths and shifts of the resonance for pressures up to 1000 Torr. In the hundreds of torr range, asymmetric, self-broadening line shapes were observed with full widths and shifts which were greater than five times the laser bandwidth (0.002-0.005 nm).

Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1985•1 citation

High density self-broadening of the first xenon and krypton resonance line

P. Laporte, Henri Damany

Self-broadening of the 146.96 nm xenon line and 123.58 nm krypton line is studied in the density range 1-100 amagat (2.7 x 1019 — 2.7 × 1021 at. cm-3). The absorption profile is deduced from reflection experiments by a modified Kramers-Krönig analysis. A detailed discussion of the criteria for validity of available theories is given, allowing the determination of the extent to which the cases studied are related to many-body interactions and/or pure resonance forces. The quasistatic theory, in the nearest neighbour approximation, is shown to be valid for interpreting the far wings. Thus it is possible at increasing density, to underline the specific effect of the various kinds of forces : resonance, Van der Waals and repulsive, and to specify the 1u excited state potential which is found weakly attractive for Xe2 and Kr2.

Journal de physique•Jan 1, 1979•48 citations

Self-broadened absorption linewidths for the krypton resonance transitions

J. W. Hutcherson, P. M. Griffin

The total absorption, AG, was measured as a function of absorbing gas pressure, P, for the 1S0–3P1 (1236 Å) and 1S0–1P1 (1165 Å) resonance transitions in Kr. For P=0.006–0.06 torr, self-broadening was negligible compared to the natural width. For P=0.06–0.75 torr, self-broadening contributed significantly to the linewidth, and the line shape was essentially symmetrical. For P = 1.0–7.0 torr, the. asymmetric Van der Waals broadening was apparent. The component of the linewidth due to self-broadening, ΓSB, was calculated from the measurements of AG, for P=0.06–0.75 torr, and was found to vary linearly with the number density of absorbers, N, as predicted by theory. The ratio, ΓSB/N, was found to be in reasonably good agreement with theoretical predictions.

Journal of the Optical Society of America•Mar 1, 1973•7 citations

Broadening the shift of the resonance line of thallium due to collisions with krypton and xenon atoms

R S Dygdaa

Reports the results of interferometric investigation of collisional broadening and shift of the resonance line of thallium ( lambda =377.68 nm) by krypton and xenon. The measurements were performed at low density of the perturbing gases (3-53*10 16 cm -3 ) and both Doppler and collisional broadening of the line were determined. The results are compared with those calculated on the basis of the van der Waals, Lennard-Jones and Czuchaj-Sienkiewicz potentials. The measured values of the broadening and shift by krypton and xenon are lower than those computed for the van der Waals and Lennard-Jones potentials. Calculations based on realistic potentials reported by Czuchaj and Sienkiewicz give values of the broadening coefficient in good agreement with the experimental data.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Jun 14, 1988•7 citations

Study of multiphoton resonances in Kr and Ar under an intense laser field

Joe J. Tiee, Monty J. Ferris

A competition between resonant multiphoton ionization (MPI) and third harmonic generation (THG) involving three-photon resonances was first reported by Miller et al.1 Recently, a similar competing process involving four-photon resonances was observed in the multiphoton ionization of Hg2. In this paper we report a similar observation in the three- and four-photon excitation spectra of Kr and Ar. Both the multiphoton ionization and the VUV radiation generated in the focal volume are measured over a broad range of gas pressures (0.01-100 Torr) and laser fluences. The 5s, 5f, and 6p′ levels of Kr and the 4s, 4p′, and 7p levels of Ar are investigated. The spectral lines are observed to broaden and to shift from line center as a function of increasing gas pressure and laser intensity. The effect observed in three-photon resonant lines is explained by the occurrence of a competition between MPI and THG.1 A similar effect observed in the four-photon resonances is interpreted as the result of THG enhanced by the four-photon levels—a five-photon process. However, it is not clear why the four-photon spectral line-width becomes narrower when the gas pressure is further increased; this is discussed.

International Laser Science Conference•Jan 1, 1986•0 citations

Resonance broadening in high density gases

Haider R. Zaidi

The resonance broadening of a transition between two excited states of a radiator in a high density gas is investigated. The important many body shielding contributions are included to all orders, and the two body correlations for the close collisions are approximately taken into account. Corrections to the line width and shift at moderately high densities are calculated. The results agree with the experimental data for krypton. The density dependence of the width parameter is examined at very high densities also. It is found that this parameter, after reaching a peak value, decreases with further increase in the density. Moreover, the square root dependence of the line widths on the density is not valid over any extended range of gas densities.

Canadian Journal of Physics•Jul 15, 1977•10 citations
Three-photon excitation and multiphoton ionization techniques have been used to measure self-broadening for several resonance lines in xenon and krypton. Tabulations of widths and shifts of the xenon lines at 146.9, 129.6, 119.2, and 117.0 nm were made for pressures between 50 and 900 Torr. Similar measurements were made for the krypton resonance line at 116.5 nm. For pressures less than 500 Torr the widths were found to be in reasonable agreement with theoretical results, which were extrapolated into regions of concentration where the criteria for their validity are at best questionable. We have also found the lines to be shifted to the high-energy side of the unperturbed line. For four of the five lines studied, the blue shifts increased nearly linearly with increasing pressure. In the four cases where the shift could be measured the ratio of shift to width was close to (1/2. Our experimental technique is very simple, but it has yielded what we believe to be the first resonance broadening data based on absorption under conditions where there is strong trapping of the resonance radiation.
A pressure-broadening study of three-photon and one-photon resonances was performed using counterpropagating, linearly polarized laser beams. Self-broadening, as well as the collision-induced effects due to the presence of a second noble gas, was investigated for the 6s, 6s′, 5d and 7s of xenon and the 5s′ of krypton. A multiphoton ionization scheme in a calibrated proportional counter is the basis of a new technique by which collisional processes can be investigated for high pressure regimes which have previously been inaccessible to investigation, particularly for self-broadening where the mean free path of the photons is of the order of 10−3 cm for pressures as low as 1 Torr. Using this technique, we have recorded the collision-induced widths and shifts of the resonance for pressures up to 1000 Torr. In the hundreds of torr range, asymmetric, self-broadening line shapes were observed with full widths and shifts which were greater than five times the laser bandwidth (0.002-0.005 nm).
Self-broadening of the 146.96 nm xenon line and 123.58 nm krypton line is studied in the density range 1-100 amagat (2.7 x 1019 — 2.7 × 1021 at. cm-3). The absorption profile is deduced from reflection experiments by a modified Kramers-Krönig analysis. A detailed discussion of the criteria for validity of available theories is given, allowing the determination of the extent to which the cases studied are related to many-body interactions and/or pure resonance forces. The quasistatic theory, in the nearest neighbour approximation, is shown to be valid for interpreting the far wings. Thus it is possible at increasing density, to underline the specific effect of the various kinds of forces : resonance, Van der Waals and repulsive, and to specify the 1u excited state potential which is found weakly attractive for Xe2 and Kr2.
The total absorption, AG, was measured as a function of absorbing gas pressure, P, for the 1S0–3P1 (1236 Å) and 1S0–1P1 (1165 Å) resonance transitions in Kr. For P=0.006–0.06 torr, self-broadening was negligible compared to the natural width. For P=0.06–0.75 torr, self-broadening contributed significantly to the linewidth, and the line shape was essentially symmetrical. For P = 1.0–7.0 torr, the. asymmetric Van der Waals broadening was apparent. The component of the linewidth due to self-broadening, ΓSB, was calculated from the measurements of AG, for P=0.06–0.75 torr, and was found to vary linearly with the number density of absorbers, N, as predicted by theory. The ratio, ΓSB/N, was found to be in reasonably good agreement with theoretical predictions.
Reports the results of interferometric investigation of collisional broadening and shift of the resonance line of thallium ( lambda =377.68 nm) by krypton and xenon. The measurements were performed at low density of the perturbing gases (3-53*10 16 cm -3 ) and both Doppler and collisional broadening of the line were determined. The results are compared with those calculated on the basis of the van der Waals, Lennard-Jones and Czuchaj-Sienkiewicz potentials. The measured values of the broadening and shift by krypton and xenon are lower than those computed for the van der Waals and Lennard-Jones potentials. Calculations based on realistic potentials reported by Czuchaj and Sienkiewicz give values of the broadening coefficient in good agreement with the experimental data.
A competition between resonant multiphoton ionization (MPI) and third harmonic generation (THG) involving three-photon resonances was first reported by Miller et al.1 Recently, a similar competing process involving four-photon resonances was observed in the multiphoton ionization of Hg2. In this paper we report a similar observation in the three- and four-photon excitation spectra of Kr and Ar. Both the multiphoton ionization and the VUV radiation generated in the focal volume are measured over a broad range of gas pressures (0.01-100 Torr) and laser fluences. The 5s, 5f, and 6p′ levels of Kr and the 4s, 4p′, and 7p levels of Ar are investigated. The spectral lines are observed to broaden and to shift from line center as a function of increasing gas pressure and laser intensity. The effect observed in three-photon resonant lines is explained by the occurrence of a competition between MPI and THG.1 A similar effect observed in the four-photon resonances is interpreted as the result of THG enhanced by the four-photon levels—a five-photon process. However, it is not clear why the four-photon spectral line-width becomes narrower when the gas pressure is further increased; this is discussed.
The resonance broadening of a transition between two excited states of a radiator in a high density gas is investigated. The important many body shielding contributions are included to all orders, and the two body correlations for the close collisions are approximately taken into account. Corrections to the line width and shift at moderately high densities are calculated. The results agree with the experimental data for krypton. The density dependence of the width parameter is examined at very high densities also. It is found that this parameter, after reaching a peak value, decreases with further increase in the density. Moreover, the square root dependence of the line widths on the density is not valid over any extended range of gas densities.