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Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A

Absorption Measurements of the Principle Series Lines of Cs Broadened by Xe

Joachim Lorenzen, Kay Niemax

Published Aug 1, 1977• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The absorption coefficients of the statistical wings of the Cs principal series lines 6 2S1/2 - n 2P3/2 (6 ≦ n ≦ 10) and 6 2S1/2 - n 2P1/2 (6 ≦ n ≦ 9) perturbed by Xe have been measured quantitatively The results are compared with quasistatic line wings calculated from the interatomic Cs -Xe potentials of Baylis 1 and Pascale and Vandeplanque 2. In the far wings of the higher lines of the series indications of many-body interaction were found. Furthermore the behaviour of the shift of all principal series lines up to the 23rd member was investigated in the density region between 1.63 X 1018 and 1.9 X 1019 Xe atoms per cm-3.

DOI
10.1515/zna-1977-0809

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In addition to previous absorption measurements of Cs resonance lines, new investigations on Na, K and Rb also showed definitely that beyond symmetrical Lorentzian central parts of the lines, the stronger components of the resonance lines have blue and the weaker components red asymmetry. This behaviour can be explained by a quasistatic treatment of the self-broadening mechanism taking interatomic interaction potentials into account. But with additional data it is now possible to give a different interpretation of the origin of observed asymmetries than suggested in the previous paper on Cs resonance lines (see abstr. A5740 of 1975). The asymmetries are shown to arise from the mutual repulsion of two potential curves of the same species.

Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics•Feb 1, 1975•62 citations
Abstract The absorption coefficients of the statistical wings of the Cs principal series lines 6 2S1/2 - n 2P3/2 (6 ≦ n ≦ 10) and 6 2S1/2 - n 2P1/2 (6 ≦ n ≦ 9) perturbed by Xe have been measured quantitatively The results are compared with quasistatic line wings calculated from the interatomic Cs -Xe potentials of Baylis 1 and Pascale and Vandeplanque 2. In the far wings of the higher lines of the series indications of many-body interaction were found. Furthermore the behaviour of the shift of all principal series lines up to the 23rd member was investigated in the density region between 1.63 X 1018 and 1.9 X 1019 Xe atoms per cm-3.
The fluorescent spectra of the Cs principal series lines 4555 and 4593 AA (72P32,1/2/-62S12/) broadened by Kr and Xe were measured up to perturber gas densities of about 4.9*1019 cm-3. In addition, the absorption spectra of the Cs principal series line 3876 AA (62S12/-82P32/) broadened by Xe (1.63*1018<or=NX3<or=1.9*1019 cm-3) were investigated. The existence of secondary satellites was established. The intensity dependence of the quasistatic wings is discussed and qualitatively explained by competitive additive two- and three-body interactions.
16 lines of the principal series of Cs(6 2 s 1/2 to 7-16 2 p 3/2 and 6 2 s 1/2 to 7-12 2 p 1/2 ) were investigated in absorption. Cesium vapour density was varied from 10 13 up to 10 17 cm -3 . Red asymmetries of all lines (extended red wings) were detected. This can be understood if electron transitions in the long-range interaction region follow the selection rules of molecules. It was established that the red and the blue wings of the lines each can be fitted to lorentzian profiles in small wavelength intervals. With the help of quasistatic theory the interaction constants from the long-range interaction potential Delta omega =C 3 /r 3 multiplied by the oscillator strength were determined from measurements. For all lines the ratio of C 3 (red)/C 3 (blue) was found to equal 2 in accordance with earlier theoretical calculations. In the far line wing, deviation from a lorentzian profile occurs. This was interpreted as a consequence of electron transition in the short-range region of interatomic potentials.
The shapes of the thallium (Tl) 535- and 377.6-nm resonance lines broadened by 500-1500 Torr of noble gases have been measured at 743 K. The reported normalized emission intensities yield absorption coefficients in absolute units for all portions of the line. The shift and broadening of the Lorentzian-shaped line cores, the wavelengths of the transition to non-Lorentzian wings, wing shapes, and satellite positions, shapes, and intensities are reported. As an example, a pair of excited and ground-state interaction potentials are given for the Xe case to explain the shift, width, and intensities in all portions of the line wings.
Recent absorption measurements of the self-broadening of Rb principal series lines [C. H. Greene, E. L. Hamilton, H. Crowell, C. Vadla, and K. Niemax, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 233002 (2006)] verified the existence of minima in highly excited long-range potentials of Rb2{\text{Rb}}_{2}Rb2​ which were predicted theoretically as bound Rydberg molecule [C. H. Greene, A. S. Dickinson, and H. R. Sadeghpour, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2458 (2000)]. The present paper reports on the extension of these experimental studies to principal series lines of K broadened by K as well as Cs broadened by Cs. In addition, the broadening of some lower members of the K, Rb, and Cs principal line series due to heteroatomic interactions was investigated. The analysis of the measured satellite structures in the quasistatic line wings and their comparison to the previously published analogous data for ${\text{Rb}}^{\ensuremath{\ast}}+\text{Rb}$ system lead to the conclusion that one can expect existence of potential minima in homo- and heteroatomic alkali-metal ${A}^{\ensuremath{\ast}}+B$ systems in a wide range of principal quantum numbers, starting with K, Rb, and Cs excited to the third resonance states. The positions and strengths of the satellite structures indicate that the potential minima are due to scattering of the valence electron by ground-state perturbers.
We have measured Ar- and Kr-induced broadening of the Ca 4 s 2 1 S -4 s n p 1P(6⩽n⩽10^{1}P (6{\leqslant}n{\leqslant}101P(6⩽n⩽10) and 4 s 2 1 S -3 d 4 p 1 P transitions by means of the total absorption method. In this regime of n , the broadening cross section increases to its maximum value with n and then decreases. The maximum value is 28×10 -14 cm 2 at n =8 for Ar and 72×10 -14 cm 2 at n =9 for Kr. Assuming that the interatomic potential is described as a superposition of the Fermi potential and the polarization potential, we have calculated the cross section on the basis of the classical broadening theory. This calculation agrees well with both the present result and that for the Na 3 S - n S transitions measured by Kachru et al . by means of the trilevel-echo technique.
In addition to previous absorption measurements of Cs resonance lines, new investigations on Na, K and Rb also showed definitely that beyond symmetrical Lorentzian central parts of the lines, the stronger components of the resonance lines have blue and the weaker components red asymmetry. This behaviour can be explained by a quasistatic treatment of the self-broadening mechanism taking interatomic interaction potentials into account. But with additional data it is now possible to give a different interpretation of the origin of observed asymmetries than suggested in the previous paper on Cs resonance lines (see abstr. A5740 of 1975). The asymmetries are shown to arise from the mutual repulsion of two potential curves of the same species.