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Progress of Theoretical Physics

Remarks on the Percolation Problem in Anisotropic Systems

Carlos Mauricio Chaves, P.M.C. de Oliveira, S. L. A. de Queiroz, Rosane Riera

Published Dec 1, 1979• 18 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We discuss the bond percolation problem in an anisotropic square lattice using the position space renormalization group. We show that, due to symmetry, this treatment reproduces known exact results for this problem. The phase diagram and the flow lines in parameter space are also shown. Our results are in agreement with universality.
DOI
10.1143/ptp.62.1550

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Treats a percolation model with anisotropic bond occupation probabilities in order to study the crossover behaviour of the effective spatial dimension of the system. Previous position-space renormalisation group (PSRG) studies of this problem on the square lattice show a crossover from two-dimensional to pseudo-one-dimensional critical behaviour. To investigate the possible reasons for this surprising result, which is the opposite of the behaviour observed in thermal critical phenomena, the authors first develop alternative PSRG schemes. They study the predictions of these groups for asymptotically large rescaling parameters where the approximations in the PSRG are thought to become negligible. From a consideration of the approximations involved, they are led to a decimation transformation that uses an anisotropic cluster. The results of this method indicate that anisotropic percolation is in the same universality class as isotropic percolation, in complete analogy with thermal critical phenomena.
A new single-parameter renormalization-group equation is formulated for anisotropic bond percolation in two dimensions using a position-space renormalization approach. The new equation yields the exact critical line px+py=1{p}_{x}+{p}_{y}=1px​+py​=1 within both the Migdal-Kadanoff decimation and cell renormalization schemes. For large anisotropy, however, an additional critical line appears leading to a spurious divergence in the correlation-length critical exponent. An alternative scheme, which does not preserve the exact critical surface, but yields a correlation-length exponent relatively independent of anisotropy, is also examined.
In complete analogy with thermal critical phenomena, it is expected that anisotropic percolation is in the same universality class as the isotropic one. However the previous result, obtained from the closed form conventional cell real space renormalization group method on the square lattice, the isotropic fixed point is completely unstable is known. We examine this in the large cell limit by using a Monte Carlo renormalization group method and show that the scaling exponent associated with anisotropy is not relevant.
A renormalization-group approach using a scaling transformation in real space is applied to the critical behavior of two-dimensional percolation systems. In various approximations for the triangular-site lattice and the square-bond lattice, the location of the fixed point and the correlation-length exponent are calculated by determining the behavior of the probabilities under a scale transformation. The fixed points for all approximations for the two lattices are found to be in complete agreement with known exact results for the critical percolation probability.
We propose a real-space renormalization-group approach for the bond-percolation problem in a square lattice with first- and second-neighbor bonds. We treat the respective probabilities as independent variables. Two types of cells are constructed. In one of them we consider the lattice as two interpenetrating sublattices, first-neighbor bonds playing the role of intersublattice links. This allows the calculation of both critical exponents $\ensuremath{\nu}$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$, without resorting to any external field. Values found for the critical indices are in good agreement with data available in the literature. The phase diagram in parameter space is also obtained in each case.