On the generalized Bose-Einstein condensation

William J. Mullin, Asaad R. Sakhel

Qiao An-qin

On the basis of the analysis of the conditions for producing BEC and the generalization of several successful experiments on Bose-Einstein condensation, such idea is produced that the experimental conception on the production of two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensation can be realized by ideal gas under limited conditions.

Alexander Jurisch, Jan Michael Rost

We develop a quasi-analytical theory for the quantum reflection amplitude of Bose-Einstein condensates. We derive and calculate the decay-width of a Bose-Einstein condensate. A general relation between the time-dependent decay-law of the system and its quantum reflection amplitude allows us to explain the quantum reflection anomaly of Bose-Einstein condensates present in BEC-surface systems as a direct consequence of the repulsive particle interaction.

Takeo Nagamiya

Hendrik B. G. Casimir

Renju Rajan, P. Ramesh Babu, Krishnamoorthy Senthilnathan

Bose–Einstein condensation is a state of matter known to be responsible for peculiar properties exhibited by superfluid Helium-4 and superconductors. Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) in its pure form is realizable with alkali atoms under ultra-cold temperatures. In this paper, we review the experimental scheme that demonstrates the atomic Bose–Einstein condensate. We also elaborate on the theoretical framework for atomic Bose–Einstein condensation, which includes statistical mechanics and the Gross–Pitaevskii equation. As an extension, we discuss Bose–Einstein condensation of photons realized in a fluorescent dye filled optical microcavity. We analyze this phenomenon based on the generalized Planck’s law in statistical mechanics. Further, a comparison is made between photon condensate and laser. We describe how photon condensate may be a possible alternative for lasers since it does not require an energy consuming population inversion process.