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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

P- and T-violating spin rotation of an atom (molecule) passing through a laser wave

V.G. Baryshevsky, D V Baryshevsky

Published Oct 14, 1994• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It is shown that under atomic or molecular interaction with a light wave there appear P and T non-invariant effects of spin rotation and spin dichroism. Effects of P and T non-invariant rotation and birefringence appear depending on the polarization of the atomic or molecular ensemble.
DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/27/19/005

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We consider the optical properties of a gas of molecules that are brought to fast unidirectional spinning by a pulsed laser field. It is shown that a circularly polarized probe light passing through the medium inverts its polarization handedness and experiences a frequency shift controllable by the sense and the rate of molecular rotation. Our analysis is supported by two recent experiments on the laser-induced rotational Doppler effect in molecular gases and provides a good qualitative and quantitative description of the experimental observations.
Birefringence and dichroism in atomic systems are active areas of research. Circular dichroism is typically observed in chiral atoms, molecules (such as DNA), and optically asymmetric materials. These phenomena enable polarization-based selectivity and high-precision measurements with applications in optical systems, biomedical diagnostics, and advanced photonics. Meanwhile, negative-refractive-index materials offer exotic applications in optics and photonics, including superresolution imaging, invisibility cloaking, and subwavelength imaging. Here we identify a route to achieving birefringence and dichroism in a left-handed system. We investigate the optical activity of an atomic left-handed medium, analyzing the interaction of left- and right-circularly polarized light with different atomic states while incorporating local field corrections. Notably, our results demonstrate simultaneous left-handedness for both polarization states. Furthermore, we find that electric birefringence and dichroism are significantly enhanced with increasing control field strength, while magnetic birefringence and dichroism can be fully controlled via strong laser coupling. These findings have promising implications in fields at the interface of left-handedness and dichroism.
Abstract A general approach to the discussion of optical birefringence phenomena is presented. It is based on the S-matrix approach to photon scattering in a nonrelativistic quantum field theoretical formalism and the Stokes operator description of polarization. The use of a canonically transformed interaction Hamiltonian in combination with diagrammatic perturbation theory enables the response of a system to electromagnetic radiation to be calculated in a straightforward and consistent manner to any order in the perturbation, and the effect of static fields is included easily. As an illustration, the angle of rotation of a beam of plane-polarized light by a solution of optically active molecules is calculated and the intensity dependence of the angle determined. The latter phenomenon should become apparent at high photon flux densities particularly when ω, the frequency of the incident light, or 2ω are similar to electronic excitation frequencies in the optically active molecules.