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Journal of Modern Optics

New perspectives in the generation of entangled qudit states

Alessandro Rossi, Giuseppe Vallone, F. De Martini, Paolo Mataloni, Luca Businaro, Gianluca Grenci, Massimo Tormen

Published Oct 18, 2008• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a new experimental technique to generate multilevel quantum photon states based on the linear momentum degree of freedom of the photons emitted by the spontaneous parametric down conversion process.
DOI
10.1080/09500340802130696

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Starting from the standard Hamiltonian describing the optical non-linear process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion, we theoretically show that the generated entangled photon-pairs carry non-negligible orbital angular momentum in the degrees of freedom of relative movement in the type-II cases due to spatial symmetry breaking. We also show that the orbital angular momentum carried by photon-pairs in these degrees of freedom escapes detection in the traditional measurement scheme, which demands development of new techniques for further experimental investigations.
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We present a novel optical device based on an integrated system of microlenses and single-mode optical fibers. It allows us to collect and direct into many modes two photons generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion. By this device multiqubit entangled states and/or multilevel qudit states of two photons, encoded in the longitudinal momentum degree of freedom, are created. The multipath photon entanglement realized by this device is expected to find important applications in modern quantum information technology.