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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Experimental fine-structure branching ratio for R b -A r optical collision

Yifan Shen, A Pulati, Silayi Huerxida

Published Sep 8, 1999• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Experimental ratio for branching into the fine structure levels of the Rb52P multiplet, as a consequence of an optical collision with Ar, is reported. An optically thin gaseous mixture of Rb and low-density Ar is excited by a cw dye laser. The excited RbAr molecule is dissociated into the Rb5P1/2 or Rb5P3/2, the branching ratio is defined as I(D1)/I(D2) where 1(D1) and I(D2) are measured intensities of the atomic RbD1 and D2 lines. The branching is determined for tuning ranging from 600 nm to 570 nm and in the Ar density range 2 to 8 X 1017 cm-3. The ratio of the dissociation rates and the fine structure changing cross section are obtained. The ratio of the dissociation rates approaches 0.7 as a limit which is independent of the laser frequency.© (1999) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

DOI
10.1117/12.361150

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Experimental ratio for branching into the fine structure levels of the Rb52P multiplet, as a consequence of an optical collision with Ar, is reported. An optically thin gaseous mixture of Rb and low-density Ar is excited by a cw dye laser. The excited RbAr molecule is dissociated into the Rb5P1/2 or Rb5P3/2, the branching ratio is defined as I(D1)/I(D2) where 1(D1) and I(D2) are measured intensities of the atomic RbD1 and D2 lines. The branching is determined for tuning ranging from 600 nm to 570 nm and in the Ar density range 2 to 8 X 1017 cm-3. The ratio of the dissociation rates and the fine structure changing cross section are obtained. The ratio of the dissociation rates approaches 0.7 as a limit which is independent of the laser frequency.© (1999) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Experimental ratios of branching in the fine-structure levels of the Rb5P multiplet, as a consequence of an optical collision with He, are reported. The process studied is Rb(5S1/2 )+ He + hrv --> Rb(5P(J)) +He, where the pulsed laser frequency v is tuned in the wings of the Rb resonance transitions. The authors defined the detuning delta to be v-v (D2 )(delta > 0) for laser frequency v highter than that of RbD2 transition and to be v-v (D1)(delta < 0) for v lower than the RbD1 transition. As RbHe molecular states are correlated to the two 5 2P(J) states, there is some likelihood that the molecule will dissociate into 5 2P1/2 or 5P3/2 state. The dissociation results in a nonuniform distribution of atomic Rb5P(J) states. The branching ratios are defined as n1/n2, where n1 and n2 are densities of the 5P1/2 and 5P3/2 states dissociated. To determine experimentally the relative cross section for scattering into the two fine-structure states, the relative time-intergrated intensities of the resulting Rb emission lines, I(5P3/2 --> 5P1/2 )[I(D2)] and I(5P1/2 --> 5P3/2) ) [I(D1)], were measured. The ratios are determined by detunings from about 200 cm(-1) in the blue wing to -180 cm(-1) in the red wing of the Rb5P multiplet. A rate equation analysis of the pressure dependence was yielded. The branching ratios and cross sections for collisional 5P1/2 --> 5P3/2 transition were obtained from the slope and intercept. The blue-wing branching ratios show a detuning-dependent approach to limit of 0. 2. The branching was found to be very large (-40) in the red wing, irrespective of the detuning. Fine structure changing cross section (1.1 +/- 0.3) x 10(-17) cm2 was measured from wing excitation, and the result is consistent with the cross section obtained from resonant excitation of the Rb5P(J) state. The measurements show a strong sensitivity to interatomic potentials and to nonadiabatic effects in dissociation dynamics.
Experimental ratios for branching into the fine-structure levels of the Na 3p multiplet, as a consequence of an optical collision with He, Ne, Ar, Kr, or Xe, are reported. The process studied is Na(3s 2S1/2^{2}S_{1/2}2S1/2​)+scrR+nh\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\rightarrow} Na(3p 2Pj^{2}P_{j}2Pj​)+scrR+(n-1)h\ensuremath{\nu} , where scrR represents a rare-gas atom and where the laser frequency \ensuremath{\nu} is tuned in the wings of the Na resonance transitions. The branching ratios are defined as I(D1)/I(D2) where I(D1) and I(D2) are measured intensities of the atomic Na D1 and D2 lines. The ratios are determined for detunings ranging from about 650 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ in the blue wing to 170 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ in the red wing of the Na 3p multiplet. The branching is found to be strongly detuning dependent in the vicinity of the NaAr, NaKr, and NaXe near-red-wing satellites. The blue-wing branching ratios show a detuning-dependent approach to a recoil, or sudden statistical, limit of 0.5, irrespective of the rare gas. Fine-structure changing cross sections have also been measured for resonant excitation of the Na 3p 2Pj^{2}P_{j}2Pj​ state; the results are consistent with cross sections obtained from wing excitation.
Experimental ratios for branching into the fine‐structure levels of the Na 3p multiplet, as a consequence of an optical collision with He, Ne, Ar, Kr, or Xe, are reported. The process studied is Na(3s2S1/2) +RG+nhν → Na(3p2 Pj)+RG+(n−1)hν, where RG represents a rare gas atom and where the laser frequency ν is tuned in the wings of the Na resonance transitions. The branching ratios are defined as I(D1)/I(D2) where I(D1) and I(D2) are measured intensities of the atomic Na D1 and D2 lines. The ratios are determined for detunings ranging from about 650 cm−1 blue to 170 cm−1 red of the Na 3p multiplet. The branching is found to be strongly detuning dependent in the vicinity of the NaKr and NaXe near red‐wing satellites. The blue wing branching ratios show a detuning‐dependent approach to a recoil or sudden statistical limit of 0.5, irrespective of the rare gas.
Recent experimental results of Havey, Copeland, and Wang on the collisional redistribution of light by Na in Ar showed a dependence of the relative intensities of the Na D1{D}_{1}D1​ and D2{D}_{2}D2​ resonance lines on laser detuning. Calculations of these intensity ratios are reported here. The agreement between theory and experiment obtained here shows the importance of fine-structure transitions occurring during the dissociation of the excited-state molecule.
Rb atoms were excited to the 5P3/2 level using a single-mode laser diode. The 5P3/2 state atom density was measured by the absorption of line from a Rb hollow-cathode lamp. The excited atom density is combined with measured fluorescence ratio to determine collisional cross section for the energy pooling process [i.e. Rb(5P3/2)+Rb(5P3/2)→Rb(5D)+Rb(5S)]. The cross section is (5.0±1.9)(?)10-14cm2. Cross section for 5P3/2 →5P1/2 transfer in Rb, induced in collision with ground-state Rb atoms, has been determined using methods of atomic fluorescence. The resulting fluorescence included a direct component arising from the optically excited state and a sensitized component due to the collisionally populated fine-structure state and the energy-pooling collisions. Measurement of relative intensities of the two components yielded the following cross section: σ(5P3/2→5P1/2)=(3.0±0.9)×10-15cm2. It is found that the rate for the energy pooling is an order of magnitude more efficient than 5P3/2→5P1/2 mixture. Comparisons of our result with other experiments have been made.