Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physics-Uspekhi

Coherent four-wave mixing in excited and ionized gas media: four-photon spectrochronography, ellipsometry, and nonlinear-optical imaging of atoms and ions

Aleksei M. Zheltikov, Nikolai I Koroteev

Published Apr 30, 1999• 61 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A review of the main directions of development, the most promising new techniques, and urgent applications of coherent four-photon methods of investigation of excited and ionized gas media is presented. It is demonstrated that the methods of coherent four-wave mixing (FWM) provide important spectrochronographic information on atoms and ions, allow selective studies of separate components of nonstationary gas and plasma systems with a complex composition using polarization-sensitive four-photon spectroscopy and coherent ellipsometry, and permit nonlinear-optical imaging of the spatial distribution of atoms and ions in excited gases and plasmas.

DOI
10.1070/pu1999v042n04abeh000561

Related papers

Coherent four-wave mixing in excited and ionized gas media: four-photon spectrochronography, ellipsometry, and nonlinear-optical imaging of atoms and ions

Aleksei M. Zheltikov, Nikolai I Koroteev

Когерентные четьрехволновые процессы РІ возбужденных Рё ионизованных газовых средах: четырехфотонная спектрохронография, эллипсометрия Рё визуализация пространственного распределения атомов Рё РёРѕРЅРѕРІ, Желтиков Рђ.Рњ., Коротеев Рќ.Р

Uspekhi Fizicheskih Nauk•Jan 1, 1999•23 citations

Experimental Apparatus and Technique for Optical Coherent Spectroscopy of Gases

Igor V. Yevseyev, Valery M. Yermachenko, Самарцев Виталий Владимирович

This chapter is devoted to the description of the main methods employed in the investigation of optical transient processes in gas media and the apparatus used in these studies. Recently, a new direction of laser spectroscopy has appeared. This direction is based on several methods of extracting the information concerning a resonant medium, including: a ) analysis of decay curves for the intensities of optical coherent responses within certain time intervals; b) analysis of temperature lowering, i.e., the dependencies of the intensities of coherent responses on the temperature of a gas medium under study; c) investigation of the modulated structures of optical coherent responses related to the hyperfine coupling of unpaired electrons with nuclei of molecules or atoms in the gas (modulation coherent spectroscopy), including the regime of double resonances; d) polarization coherent spectroscopy associated with the identification of the type of the energy transition being studied and the determination of characteristics of this transition from the polarization properties of optical coherent responses; e) the method of optical “coherent averaging,” which is closely related to a multipulse excitation of gas particles and the regime of double resonances; and ƒ) the method of angular spectroscopy, which is based on the spatial features of the generation of optical coherent responses and superradiance.

CRC Press eBooks•Feb 24, 2004•0 citations

Quasiresonant nonlinear optical processes involving excited and ionized atoms

S. M. Gladkov, Nikolai I Koroteev

This review examines the nonlinear optical properties of highly excited and ionized gaseous media and low-temperature plasmas. The authors concentrate particularly on the role of excited atomic and ionized states, as well as continuum states. The authors cite and discuss experimental results of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering and optical harmonic generation in media consisting of excited atoms and ions. Nonlinear optical experiments involving the continuum states in intense optical fields are examined. In this connection the authors also discuss above-threshold ionization and the multiphoton stripping of atoms.

Soviet Physics Uspekhi•Jul 31, 1990•38 citations

A New Method for the Measurement of Atomic Rydberg State——Two-Photon Resonant Nondegenerate Four-Wave Mixing

Guo Qing

A new method for the determination of atomic Rydberg state by two-photon resonant nondegenerate four-wave mixing (NFWM) with a resonant intermediate state was established.Differing from other experiment techniques, this method is a pure optical technique.Instead of detecting electrons or ions, the signal here is a coherent light.Two-photon resonant NFWM is a Doppler-free spectroscopy by using the narrow bandwidth of incident laser beams.

Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory•Jan 1, 2006•0 citations

Four-wave mixing due to ionization of vapor

Anatoliy I. Khizhnyak, Vladimir B. Markov, Igor Savukov +1 more

Several different schemes of four wave mixing (FWM) in resonant media, particularly, using ionized atomic or molecular vapor states, are considered. It is shown that the most efficient process can be achieved with FWM scheme using the ion grating. In this case spatial mismatch between recording interference pattern and light induced grating can be provided, when external electric field is applied to recording non-linear medium.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Nov 3, 1995•0 citations

Nonlinear atom optics: four-wave mixing

Y. B. Band, Marek Trippenbach, Paul S. Julienne

The advent of the laser as an intense, coherent light source gave birth to nonlinear optics, which now plays an important role in many areas of science and technology. One of the first applications of nonlinear optics was the production of coherent light of a new frequency by multi-wave mixing of several optical fields in a nonlinear medium. Until the experimental realization of Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) there had been no intense coherent source of matter-waves analogous to the optical laser. BEC has already been exploited to produce a matter-wave 'laser' atom optics was reported: the observation of coherent four wave mixing in which three sodium matter waves mix to produce a fourth. The experiment utilized light pulses to create two high-momentum wavepackets via Bragg diffraction from a stationary Bose- Einstein condensate. The high-momentum components and the remaining zero momentum condensate component interact to form a new momentum component due to the nonlinear self- interaction of the bosonic atoms. We develop a quantum mechanical description, based on the slowly-varying-envelope approximation to the time-dependent nonlinear Schroedinger equation, to describe four-wave mixing in Bose-Einstein condensates and apply this description to understand the experimental observations and to make new predictions. We examine the role of phase-modulation, momentum and energy conservation, and particle number conservation in four-wave mixing of matter waves.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Mar 23, 2000•0 citations
A review of the main directions of development, the most promising new techniques, and urgent applications of coherent four-photon methods of investigation of excited and ionized gas media is presented. It is demonstrated that the methods of coherent four-wave mixing (FWM) provide important spectrochronographic information on atoms and ions, allow selective studies of separate components of nonstationary gas and plasma systems with a complex composition using polarization-sensitive four-photon spectroscopy and coherent ellipsometry, and permit nonlinear-optical imaging of the spatial distribution of atoms and ions in excited gases and plasmas.
Когерентные четьрехволновые процессы РІ возбужденных Рё ионизованных газовых средах: четырехфотонная спектрохронография, эллипсометрия Рё визуализация пространственного распределения атомов Рё РёРѕРЅРѕРІ, Желтиков Рђ.Рњ., Коротеев Рќ.Р
This chapter is devoted to the description of the main methods employed in the investigation of optical transient processes in gas media and the apparatus used in these studies. Recently, a new direction of laser spectroscopy has appeared. This direction is based on several methods of extracting the information concerning a resonant medium, including: a ) analysis of decay curves for the intensities of optical coherent responses within certain time intervals; b) analysis of temperature lowering, i.e., the dependencies of the intensities of coherent responses on the temperature of a gas medium under study; c) investigation of the modulated structures of optical coherent responses related to the hyperfine coupling of unpaired electrons with nuclei of molecules or atoms in the gas (modulation coherent spectroscopy), including the regime of double resonances; d) polarization coherent spectroscopy associated with the identification of the type of the energy transition being studied and the determination of characteristics of this transition from the polarization properties of optical coherent responses; e) the method of optical “coherent averaging,” which is closely related to a multipulse excitation of gas particles and the regime of double resonances; and ƒ) the method of angular spectroscopy, which is based on the spatial features of the generation of optical coherent responses and superradiance.
This review examines the nonlinear optical properties of highly excited and ionized gaseous media and low-temperature plasmas. The authors concentrate particularly on the role of excited atomic and ionized states, as well as continuum states. The authors cite and discuss experimental results of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering and optical harmonic generation in media consisting of excited atoms and ions. Nonlinear optical experiments involving the continuum states in intense optical fields are examined. In this connection the authors also discuss above-threshold ionization and the multiphoton stripping of atoms.
The advent of the laser as an intense, coherent light source gave birth to nonlinear optics, which now plays an important role in many areas of science and technology. One of the first applications of nonlinear optics was the production of coherent light of a new frequency by multi-wave mixing of several optical fields in a nonlinear medium. Until the experimental realization of Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) there had been no intense coherent source of matter-waves analogous to the optical laser. BEC has already been exploited to produce a matter-wave 'laser' atom optics was reported: the observation of coherent four wave mixing in which three sodium matter waves mix to produce a fourth. The experiment utilized light pulses to create two high-momentum wavepackets via Bragg diffraction from a stationary Bose- Einstein condensate. The high-momentum components and the remaining zero momentum condensate component interact to form a new momentum component due to the nonlinear self- interaction of the bosonic atoms. We develop a quantum mechanical description, based on the slowly-varying-envelope approximation to the time-dependent nonlinear Schroedinger equation, to describe four-wave mixing in Bose-Einstein condensates and apply this description to understand the experimental observations and to make new predictions. We examine the role of phase-modulation, momentum and energy conservation, and particle number conservation in four-wave mixing of matter waves.