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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Enhancement of quantum correlations between Rabi sidebands via dressed population transfer

Jingyan Li, Xiangming Hu

Published Feb 16, 2009• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We analyse the effects of coherent or incoherent dressed population transfer on two-mode squeezing and continuous variable entanglement in four-wave mixing. Two cavity modes are generated from Rabi sidebands of dressed two-level atoms. A weak coherent or incoherent field couples one dressed state to an auxiliary excited state, from which the atoms decay to the other dressed state. This provides a two-step channel for dressed population transfer and reduces spontaneous emission into a squeeze-transformed mode that enters into an interaction with the dressed atoms. It is the reduction of spontaneous emission that leads to an enhancement of two-mode squeezing, whose degree is increased to 75% compared with 50% for the two-level case. This corresponds to a significant enhancement of the continuous variable entanglement.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/42/5/055501

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We analyse the effects of coherent or incoherent dressed population transfer on two-mode squeezing and continuous variable entanglement in four-wave mixing. Two cavity modes are generated from Rabi sidebands of dressed two-level atoms. A weak coherent or incoherent field couples one dressed state to an auxiliary excited state, from which the atoms decay to the other dressed state. This provides a two-step channel for dressed population transfer and reduces spontaneous emission into a squeeze-transformed mode that enters into an interaction with the dressed atoms. It is the reduction of spontaneous emission that leads to an enhancement of two-mode squeezing, whose degree is increased to 75% compared with 50% for the two-level case. This corresponds to a significant enhancement of the continuous variable entanglement.
We analyze quantum correlations in four-wave mixing in three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ and V atomic systems by using dressed atomic states and squeeze-transformed cavity modes. Two dissipation channels are identified, through which the dressed atoms simultaneously absorb in the excitations from the pair of squeeze-transformed modes. It is in the presence of two channels that the entanglement is greatly enhanced and the best achievable state approaches the original Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entangled state. This scheme is applicable in the optical regime where atomic spontaneous emission has to be taken into account, unlike the two-step atomic reservoir engineering scheme, which is limited to the microwave regime.
We present a collection of our recent schemes that have been proposed for continuous variable entanglement. Included in this collection are two types of optical systems. One is the four-wave mixing in resonantly or near-resonantly driven atomic systems. The numerical results and physical analyses are presented by using dressed atomic states and squeeze transformed cavity modes. Two dissipation channels are identified, through which the dressed atoms simultaneously absorb in the excitations from the pair of squeeze transformed modes. It is in the presence of such two channels that the entanglement is greatly enhanced and the best achievable state is the original Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entangled state. This scheme is applicable in the optical regime where atomic spontaneous emission has to be taken into account, unlike the two-step atomic reservoir engineering scheme, which is limited to the microwave regime. The other kind of systems is the quantum-beat laser with incoherent pump or coherent driving. Such a laser, when it operates well above threshold, produces entangled light. The numerical results and physical analyses are presented by using the collective modes of the lasing fields. The relative mode is decoupled from the active medium and thus remains in its vacuum state, while the sum mode operates well above threshold and displays sub-shot noise. The quantum-beat and the sum mode intensity noise reduction combine to yield entanglement between two bright beams and sub-Poissonian photon statistics of respective beams.
Abstract We investigate the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering of two cavity modes generated via four-wave mixing processes. For a three-level V-type configuration, a strong coherent field as a dressing field couples the atoms, and a weak coherent field as a control filed resonantly couples one dressed state to the auxiliary state. By using the approach of dressed states and Bogoliubov modes, we find that only one Bogoliubov mode is mediated into the interaction with the dressed atoms, and the other one is decoupled. Due to the presence of the coherent control filed, the channel for dressed state population transfer is established, which plays a key role in the generation of the asymmetric EPR steering of two cavity fields. It is shown that the one-way EPR steering can be manipulated by the Rabi frequencies of the control field and the cooperativity parameters.
We explore the effects of atomic memory on quantum correlations of two-mode light fields from four-wave mixing. A three-level atomic system in Λ configuration is considered, in which the atomic relaxation times are comparable to or longer than the cavity relaxation times and thus there exists the atomic memory. The quantum correlation spectrum in the output is calculated without the adiabatic elimination of atomic variables. It is shown that the continuous variable entanglement is enhanced over a wide range of the normalized detuning in the intermediate and bad cavity cases compared with the good cavity case. In some situations more significant enhancement occurs at sidebands.
Abstract We demonstrate the influence of dressed states on two-mode optical entanglement in a double Λ-type energy level atomic ensemble of parametric amplification four-wave mixing (PA-FWM) processes. By injecting a coherent or Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen field into PA-FWM channels, we investigate the corresponding entanglement. The quantum entanglement may be enhanced or suppressed via a bright state or a dark state. In free space, the two-mode entanglement is determined by nonlinear gain, which can be manipulated by field dressing in an atomic ensemble (i.e. Autler–Towns splitting, dressed enhancement/suppression of entanglement). However, in a ring cavity, the cavity dressing brings about the AT-like splitting of entanglement. Such an entanglement profile may be modified by field dressing through vacuum Rabi splitting, vacuum-induced enhancement and suppression of entanglement.
The entanglement properties of two mode fields generated from four-wave mixing are discussed in the system of an ensemble of VVV-type three-level atoms embedded in a two-mode cavity, in which the atomic transitions from the two excited states to the ground state are driven by one strong and one relative weak laser field, respectively. The nondegenerate four-wave mixing process occurs in the strong laser-driven transition, which is also coupled by the two cavity modes. With the help of the auxiliary atomic transition driven by the weak laser field and adjusting the frequency difference of the two modes, highly squeezed and entangled light with high intensity can be generated.