We show in this article the improvements which can be obtained in the description of the luminescence properties of Pr3+ doped materials by using an extension of the Judd-Ofelt theory in order to relax some strong selection rules and approximations of the standard formalism and to better account for the influence of the 4f5d excited electronic configuration. The demonstration is made by re-examining the case of Pr3+:YAG, a well known luminescent and laser crystal with a very low energy 4f5d absorption band. Our extension thus provides a better agreement between calculated and measured absorption intensities, especially for the hypersensitive 3 H4 $\rightarrow$ 3 P2 transition. A comparison is made with the results obtained in the case of Pr3+:ZBLAN, a laser fluoride glass with much higher 4f5d absorption levels. Our investigation also gives the opportunity, in the case of Pr3+:YAG, to provide more complete and more reliable absorption and emission data than reported in the past literature and to exploit these data to better address the question of laser operation at various emission wavelengths. It is thus demonstrated that laser operation should be possible with improved laser performance at 488 nm, 616 nm and 744 nm, as it was already achieved in the past, but also at 566 nm and 931 nm by using appropriate laser cavities and laser mirrors.We show in this article the improvements which can be obtained in the description of the luminescence properties of Pr3+ doped materials by using an extension of the Judd-Ofelt theory in order to relax some strong selection rules and approximations of the standard formalism and to better account for the influence of the 4f5d excited electronic configuration. The demonstration is made by re-examining the case of Pr3+:YAG, a well known luminescent and laser crystal with a very low energy 4f5d absorption band. Our extension thus provides a better agreement between calculated and measured absorption intensities, especially for the hypersensitive 3 H4 $\rightarrow$ 3 P2 transition. A comparison is made with the results obtained in the case of Pr3+:ZBLAN, a laser fluoride glass with much higher 4f5d absorption levels. Our investigation also gives the opportunity, in the case of Pr3+:YAG, to provide more complete and more reliable absorption and emission data than reported in the past literature and to exploit these data to better address the question of laser operation at various emission wavelengths. It is thus demonstrated that laser operation should be possible with improved laser performance at 488 nm, 616 nm and 744 nm, as it was already achieved in the past, but also at 566 nm and 931 nm by using appropriate laser cavities and laser mirrors.

physics.atom-phCross-listedarXiv:2604.21374Apr 24, 2026

Recent Progress on the Spectroscopy of Rare Earth Ions in Core–Shells, Nanowires, Nanotubes, and Other Novel Nanostructures

Xueyuan Chen, Liqin Liu, Guokui Liu

Research and development of nanoscale luminescent and laser materials are part of the rapidly advancing nanoscience and nanotechnology. Because of unique spectroscopic properties and luminescent dynamics of f-electron states, doping luminescent rare earth ions into nano-hosts has been demonstrated as an optimistic approach to developing highly efficient and stable nanophosphors for various applications. In this article, we review the most recent progress in spectroscopic measurements of rare earth ion-activated low-dimensional nanostructures including nanolayers, core-shells, nanowires, nanotubes, and nanodisks. Among a large volume of work reported in the literature on many members of the rare earth series including Ce3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Eu3+, and Er3+, we focus on recent findings in the spectroscopic and luminescence properties of Eu3+ doped nanolayers, core-shells, and nanotubes, because Eu3+ ions have been extensively studied and widely used as an ideal probe for fundamental understanding of nano-phenomena. Specifically, the dependence of the optical properties of rare earth ions on nanostructures is discussed in detail.Research and development of nanoscale luminescent and laser materials are part of the rapidly advancing nanoscience and nanotechnology. Because of unique spectroscopic properties and luminescent dynamics of f-electron states, doping luminescent rare earth ions into nano-hosts has been demonstrated as an optimistic approach to developing highly efficient and stable nanophosphors for various applications. In this article, we review the most recent progress in spectroscopic measurements of rare earth ion-activated low-dimensional nanostructures including nanolayers, core-shells, nanowires, nanotubes, and nanodisks. Among a large volume of work reported in the literature on many members of the rare earth series including Ce3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Eu3+, and Er3+, we focus on recent findings in the spectroscopic and luminescence properties of Eu3+ doped nanolayers, core-shells, and nanotubes, because Eu3+ ions have been extensively studied and widely used as an ideal probe for fundamental understanding of nano-phenomena. Specifically, the dependence of the optical properties of rare earth ions on nanostructures is discussed in detail.

Journal of Nanoscience and NanotechnologyMar 1, 200832 citations

OPTICAL MODE DENSITY AND SPONTANEOUS EMISSION IN MICROCAVITIES

Stuart D. Brorson, Peter M. W. Skovgaard

Advanced series in applied physicsApr 1, 199610 citations

Enhanced and inhibited spontaneous emission in doped fiber microcavities

Stuart D. Brorson, Peter M. W. Skovgaard

European Quantum Electronics Conference (EQEC)Aug 24, 20050 citations

\rightarrow

3 P2 transition. A comparison is made with the results obtained in the case of Pr3+:ZBLAN, a laser fluoride glass with much higher 4f5d absorption levels. Our investigation also gives the opportunity, in the case of Pr3+:YAG, to provide more complete and more reliable absorption and emission data than reported in the past literature and to exploit these data to better address the question of laser operation at various emission wavelengths. It is thus demonstrated that laser operation should be possible with improved laser performance at 488 nm, 616 nm and 744 nm, as it was already achieved in the past, but also at 566 nm and 931 nm by using appropriate laser cavities and laser mirrors.