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Chinese Physics Letters

A Flexible Improvement for Ping-Pong Protocol

Liu Yu, Sha Hua, Wang Xiao-Xin, Yue Li, Ye Jun, Jun Li

Published Nov 29, 2006• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A deterministic quantum communication protocol, called the ping-pong protocol, has been represented by Boström and Felbinger [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 187902]. Based on an entangled pair of photons, it allows asymptotically secure key distribution and quasi-secure direct communication. However, it was concluded from our previous research that the experiment realization of this protocol requires two optic paths strictly equivalent for interferometry. Here we propose an improved protocol, which is more flexible and secure for conceivable applications. Its feasibility and security are also discussed.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/23/12/008

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A deterministic quantum communication protocol, called the ping-pong protocol, has been represented by Boström and Felbinger [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 187902]. Based on an entangled pair of photons, it allows asymptotically secure key distribution and quasi-secure direct communication. However, it was concluded from our previous research that the experiment realization of this protocol requires two optic paths strictly equivalent for interferometry. Here we propose an improved protocol, which is more flexible and secure for conceivable applications. Its feasibility and security are also discussed.
Based on the 'ping-pong' quantum communication protocol proposed by Bostroverset..o\\overset{..}{o}overset..om and Felbinger [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 187902 (2002)], we show a deterministic secure direct communication protocol using single qubit in mixed state. This single qubit protocol is an asymptotically secure key distribution. It can be realized with today's technology. In principle, even if the single qubit source is not perfect, this protocol is also secure.
Security of the "ping-pong" quantum communication protocol recently proposed by Boström and Felbinger [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 187902 (2002)]] is analyzed in the case of considerable quantum channel losses. The eavesdropping scheme is presented, which reveals that the ping-pong protocol is not secure for transmission efficiencies lower than 60%. Our scheme induces 50% losses, which, however, can be hidden in the channel losses if one replaces the original lossy channel with a less lossy one. Finally, a possible improvement of the ping-pong protocol security is proposed.
A novel secure communication protocol is presented, based on an entangled pair of qubits and allowing asymptotically secure key distribution and quasi-secure direct communication. Since the information is transferred in a deterministic manner, no qubits have to be discarded. The transmission of information is instantaneous, i.e. the information can be decoded during the transmission. The security against arbitrary eavesdropping attacks is provided. In case of eavesdropping attacks with full information gain, the detection rate is 50% per control transmission. The experimental realization of the protocol is feasible with relatively small effort, which also makes commercial applications conceivable.
一个确定的量通讯协议，叫了 ping-pongprotocol，被 Bostrom 和 Felbinger 代表了[Phys。加快。Lett。89 (2002 ) 187902 ] 。基于光子的纠缠的对，它允许 asymptotically 安全的关键分发和 quasi-securedirect 通讯。然而，这个协议的实验实现要求为 interferometry 严格地相等的二条眼的路径，这从我们的以前的研究被结束。Herewe 建议一个改进协议，它为想得到的应用更灵活、安全。Itsfeasibility 和安全也被讨论。
Quantum cryptography protocols using entangled qubit pairs can increase the rate and security of information exchange through a quantum channel. Usually those protocols are non-deterministic, i.e. a classical bit is encoded in a quantum state, but the actual bit value cannot be determined. Therefore they request the transmission of additional information through a public channel. By contrast, the ping-pong coding scheme based on entangled photons allows for deterministic and direct key distribution. No qubit has to be discarded and information can be decoded without the need for a subsequent transmission of additional information. Communication through a public channel nevertheless is necessary to ensure asymptotical security against arbitrary eavesdropping attacks.