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Physical Review Letters

Stochastic Resonance in the Coherence of a Quantum System

Thomas Wellens, Andreas Buchleitner

Published May 29, 2000• 26 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate the noise-induced amplification of a weak periodic signal inscribed in the coherence of a two-level atom, interacting with a single mode of the quantized radiation field coupled to a dissipative environment.
DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.84.5118

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We discuss the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a double-well trap subject to phase noise and particle loss. The phase coherence of a weakly interacting condensate, experimentally measured via the contrast in an interference experiment, as well as the response to an external driving becomes maximal for a finite value of the dissipation rate matching the intrinsic time scales of the system. This can be understood as a stochastic resonance of the many-particle system. Even stronger effects are observed when dissipation acts in concurrence with strong interparticle interactions, restoring the purity of the condensate almost completely and increasing the phase coherence significantly. Our theoretical results are backed by Monte Carlo simulations, which show a good qualitative agreement and provide a microscopic explanation for the observed stochastic resonance effect.
We discuss the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a double-well trap subject to phase noise and particle loss. The phase coherence of a weakly interacting condensate as well as the response to an external driving show a pronounced stochastic resonance effect: Both quantities become maximal for a finite value of the dissipation rate matching the intrinsic time scales of the system. Even stronger effects are observed when dissipation acts in concurrence with strong interparticle interactions, restoring the purity of the condensate almost completely and increasing the phase coherence significantly.
The problem of the coherent state generation with definite parameters for multilevel quantum systems is investigated. The interaction with external environment and stochastic fields can destroy the coherence. The competition of these processes is considered on the basis of the Fokker-Planck equations approach, derived from the master equation for the density matrix of the system. Examples of the coherent states dynamics for two-level atoms in an external stochastic field in a nonideal resonator are considered. Average over the realizations of stochastic fields is performed for the case of the white Gaussian noise and the Kubo-Anderson process. Explicit formulas for probability and shape of radiation line are obtained.