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Optics Communications

Optical rotation produced by atoms in a magnetic field

F. Schuller, Richard B. Warrington, K. P. Zetie, M.J.D. Macpherson, Derek N. Stacey

Published Oct 1, 1992• 8 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0030-4018(92)90523-t

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Magnetic-field measurements with amplitude-modulated light and intensity correlation technique (Conference Presentation)

G. S. Pati, Kevin Heesh, Bruce Barrios +3 more

Resonant excitation of an atomic medium with amplitude modulated (AM) light can produce synchronous optical pumping effects. Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) is produced with AM light when the optical pumping rate is synchronous with the Larmor frequency. Traditionally, magnetic field measurements have been performed using lock-in detection of the NMOR signal with the transmitted light. Instead of NMOR, we have studied intensity correlation between two orthogonally polarized components of the AM light passing through a rubidium vapor cell, for magnetic field measurements. We have used a pure 87Rb cell (1 cm in diameter and 2 cm in length) filled with Ne buffer gas for this study. Intensity correlation is performed by recording the intensity data from two fast photodetectors with a high bandwidth digitizer board. We have measured the dependence of the zero-delay intensity correlation on the magnetic field. We have also studied the dependence of the correlation width on the light intensity and cell temperature. Results obtained from the theoretical model are also compared with the experiment. The results suggest intensity correlation can be used as a viable technique for improving the performance of magnetic field measurements with AM light.

•Mar 4, 2019•0 citations
We experimentally demonstrate that a squeezed probe optical field can improve the sensitivity of magnetic field measurements based on nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) with an amplitude-modulated pump when compared to a coherent probe field under identical conditions. To realize an all-atomic magnetometer prototype, we utilize a nonlinear atomic interaction, known as polarization self-rotation, to produce a squeezed probe field. An independent pump field, amplitude-modulated at the Larmor frequency of the bias magnetic field, allows us to extend the range of most sensitive NMOR measurements to sub-Gauss magnetic fields. While the overall sensitivity of the magnetometer is rather low ( > 250 p T / H z ), we clearly observe a 15 % sensitivity improvement when the squeezed probe is used. Our observations confirm the recently reported quantum enhancement in a modulated atomic magnetometer [ Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 , 193601 ( 2021 ) PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.193601 ].
The nonlinear magneto-optical rotation in a medium consisting of $J=1\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J=0$ atoms placed in a static magnetic field is studied. The density matrix approach and irreducible atomic basis are used to describe the state of the atomic system. The stationary propagation equations for two collinear laser beams with perpendicular circular polarizations are derived and analyzed in the case of the magnetic field perpendicular to the light propagation direction. The effect of the linear polarization rotation toward the direction parallel or perpendicular to the magnetic field vector and lossless propagation of the resulting light are predicted. The conversion of the circularly polarized beam into linearly polarized one is shown. The propagation of the leading edges of switched on cw-laser beams and their stationary propagation are analyzed numerically. The dependence of the considered effects on the light detuning and on the additional magnetic field component parallel to the light propagation direction is discussed. The destructive role of the collisional relaxation is demonstrated.
Resonant excitation of an atomic medium with amplitude modulated (AM) light can produce synchronous optical pumping effects. Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) is produced with AM light when the optical pumping rate is synchronous with the Larmor frequency. Traditionally, magnetic field measurements have been performed using lock-in detection of the NMOR signal with the transmitted light. Instead of NMOR, we have studied intensity correlation between two orthogonally polarized components of the AM light passing through a rubidium vapor cell, for magnetic field measurements. We have used a pure 87Rb cell (1 cm in diameter and 2 cm in length) filled with Ne buffer gas for this study. Intensity correlation is performed by recording the intensity data from two fast photodetectors with a high bandwidth digitizer board. We have measured the dependence of the zero-delay intensity correlation on the magnetic field. We have also studied the dependence of the correlation width on the light intensity and cell temperature. Results obtained from the theoretical model are also compared with the experiment. The results suggest intensity correlation can be used as a viable technique for improving the performance of magnetic field measurements with AM light.