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The European Physical Journal B

The condensation of spin-1/2 lattice bosons

P. Fazekas, P. Entel

Published Sep 1, 1983• 3 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf01304131

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A t–J1–J2 model is constructed to describe the spin-1 bosons in optical lattices in the strong correlation limit. In the parameter region of J1<J2, with the slave-boson-mean-field approach, it is found that two kinds of condensed phases may exist: a condensate with spin singlet pairs and a condensate with ferro-quadruple long range order coexisting with singlet pairs. A first-order quantum phase transition occurs at the point J1 = 0. The finite-temperature phase transition in a cubic optical lattice was also discussed.
We introduce the concept of a bosonic spin liquid condensate (SLC), where spinful bosons in a lattice form a zero-temperature spin disordered charge condensate that preserves the spin rotation symmetry, but breaks the U(1) symmetry due to a spinless order parameter with charge one. It has an energy gap to all the spin excitations. We show that such SLC states can be realized in a system of spin S ≥ 2 bosons. In particular, we analyze the SLC phase diagram in the spin 2 case using a mean-field variational wave function method. We show there is a direct analogy between the SLC and the resonating-valence-bond state.