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NeuroQuantology

Conte’s Approach to Human Cognition by Application of Quantum Mechanics: a Revisitation of the Yin-Yang Theory and Jung’s Psyche Model by Using such Quantum Approach

Ferda Kaleağasıoğlu

Published Nov 26, 2012• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

According to the ancient Chinese philosophy, manifestations in our reality follow a pattern of continuous transformation between immaterial (Yang) and material (Yin), two opposed, mutually interdependent and consuming forces. This cycling and pulsating movement is not only observed in the rhythm of life, but also throughout the evolution of Psyche, as Jung states. In his model, Psyche is the total of all psychic processes, composed of two complementary and antithetical spheres, namely consciousness and the unconscious. Continuous transition of the raw material of the Psyche, unites the opposite functions, shaping the attitude. These elaborations find confirmation on some recent advances formulated in Conte’s quantum model of cognition. NeuroQuantology | December 2012 | Volume 10 | Issue 4 | Page 655-662

DOI
10.14704/nq.2012.10.4.616

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According to the ancient Chinese philosophy, manifestations in our reality follow a pattern of continuous transformation between immaterial (Yang) and material (Yin), two opposed, mutually interdependent and consuming forces. This cycling and pulsating movement is not only observed in the rhythm of life, but also throughout the evolution of Psyche, as Jung states. In his model, Psyche is the total of all psychic processes, composed of two complementary and antithetical spheres, namely consciousness and the unconscious. Continuous transition of the raw material of the Psyche, unites the opposite functions, shaping the attitude. These elaborations find confirmation on some recent advances formulated in Conte’s quantum model of cognition.
NeuroQuantology | December 2012 | Volume 10 | Issue 4 | Page 655-662
A number of modern scientists adheres to the point of view that, despite the fact that quantum mechanics does not allow to explain the existence of mental phenomena in the physical world, with the help of its inherent ontological principles and mathematical formalism, it is possible to understand the functioning of consciousness and the unconscious. Based on the analogy between quantum and mental processes, the unconscious can be represented as a superposition of mental states, and consciousness — in the form of decoherence of unconscious experiences. From an evolutionary point of view, consciousness can be considered as a consequence of the accumulation of a sufficient amount of information during the interaction of the organism with the surrounding environment, when the transition from the quantum state of the unconscious to the classical state of consciousness is carried out at the psychic level of being, by analogy with the accumulation of a sufficient amount of information by a quantum system during interaction with the environment, when at the physical level of being the collapse of the wave function. In psychotherapy and psychodiagnostics, one can see an analogy with the measurement process in quantum mechanics and a quantum leap from one mental state to another. However, the analysis of this point of view carried out in the article shows that the parallels between quantum mechanics and psychology today look insufficiently substantiated, since the mathematical model of the psyche, which allows describing human behavior on the basis of the laws of quantum mechanics, has not yet been built, which is why, firstly, the use of quantum-physical terminology in the understanding of mental experience does not rise to the level of scientific theory, remaining a metaphor, and, secondly, quantum psychology has a predictive potential, in contrast to the psychology of the classical type.
In this paper, taking the theory of quantum information as a model, we consider the human unconscious, pre-consciousness and consciousness as sets of quantum bits (qubits). We view how there can be communication between these various qubit sets. In doing this we are inspired by the theory of nuclear magnetic resonance. In this way we build a model of handling a mental qubit with the help of pulses of a mental field. Starting with an elementary interaction between two qubits we build two-qubit quantum logic gates that allow information to be transferred from one qubit to the other. In this manner we build a quantum process that permits consciousness to “read” the unconscious and vice versa. The elementary interaction, e.g. between a pre-consciousness qubit and a consciousness one, allows us to predict the time evolution of the pre-consciousness + consciousness system in which pre-consciousness and consciousness are quantum entangled. This time evolution exhibits Rabi oscillations that we name mental Rabi oscillations . This time evolution shows how for example the unconscious can influence consciousness. In a process like mourning the influence of the unconscious on consciousness, as the influence of consciousness on the unconscious, are in agreement with what is observed in psychiatry.
The phenomenon of synchronicities which has been first described by Carl Jung, is explained in the framework of Extended Everett Concept proposed by the author. EEC differs from the Everett's “many-worlds interpretation” of quantum mechanics in that it explicitly includes the phenomena of consciousness, super-intuition (direct vision of truth) and ability to choose the version of reality which is to be subjectively experienced. Extended Everett Concept can explain synchronicities since, according to this theory, the subjective perception of reality by humans is governed not only by material causes but also by goals that may be immaterial (words, images or ideas). NeuroQuantology | September 2012 | Volume 10 | Issue 3 | Page 468-481
In this paper we apply the last developments of the theory of measurement in quantum mechanics to the phenomenon of consciousness and especially to the awareness of unconscious components. Various models of measurement in quantum mechanics can be distinguished by the fact that there is, or there is not, a collapse of the wave function. The passive aspect of consciousness seems to agree better with models in which there is no collapse of the wave function, whereas in the active aspect of consciousness—i.e., that which goes together with an act or a choice—there seems to be a collapse of the wave function. As an example of the second possibility we study in detail the photon delayed-choice experiment and its consequences for subjective or psychological time. We apply this as an attempt to explain synchronicity phenomena. As a model of application of the awareness of unconscious components we study the mourning process. We apply also the quantum paradigm to the phenomenon of correlation at a distance between minds, as well as to group correlations that appear during group therapies or group training. Quantum entanglement leads to the formation of group unconscious or collective unconscious. Finally we propose to test the existence of such correlations during sessions of group training.
It is shown that the formalism of quantum theory naturally incorporates the psychophysical parallelism and thereby interprets itself, if the subjective aspects are taken as equal partners alongside the objective aspects as determinants of Reality as a Whole. The inevitable interplay of the subject (observer) and the object (observed) in making up Reality is brought out succinctly through a comprehensive psychophysical interpretation which includes in its bosom the truths of many of the major interpretations proposed so far as essential ingredients. At the heart of this novel approach lies the interpretation of the complex conjugate quantities such as the conjugate wave function Ψ*(r, t), the bra vector , and the observable A etc. respectively. This brings out the psycho-physical parallelism lying hidden in the quantum mechanical formalism in a quite straightforward manner. The measurement process is shown to be a two-step process comprising objective interaction through the retarded waves and subjective observation leading to rise of knowledge through the advanced waves. NeuroQuantology | December 2012 | Volume 10 | Issue 4| Page 629-645
In this paper we describe synchronicity phenomena. As an explanation of these phenomena we propose quantum entanglement between the psychic realm known as the "unconscious" and also the classical illusion of the collapse of the wave-function. Then, taking the theory of quantum information as a model we consider the human unconscious, pre-consciousness and consciousness as sets of quantum bits (qu-bits). We analyze how there can be communication between these various qu-bit sets. In doing this we are inspired by the theory of nuclear magnetic resonance. In this manner we build quantum processes that permit consciousness to "read" the unconscious and vice-versa. The most elementary interaction, e.g. between a pre-consciousness qu-bit and a consciousness one, allows us to predict the time evolution of the pre-consciousness + consciousness system in which pre-consciousness and consciousness are quantum entangled. This time evolution exhibits Rabi oscillations that we name mental Rabi oscillations. This time evolution shows how, for example, the unconscious can influence consciousness and vice-versa. In a process like mourning the influence of the unconscious on consciousness, as the influence of consciousness on the unconscious, are in agreement with what is observed in psychiatry.