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Physics Letters A

The role of quantum interference and asymmetries in the operation of quantum pumps

Kunal K. Das, Tomáš Opatrný

Published Nov 12, 2009• 6 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2009.11.004

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The role of multiparameter entanglement in quantum interference from collinear Type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion is explored using a variety of aperture shapes and sizes, in regimes of both ultrafast and continuous-wave pumping. We have developed and experimentally verified a theory of down-conversion which considers a quantum state that can be concurrently entangled in frequency, wavevector, and polarization. In particular, we demonstrate deviations from the familiar triangular interference dip, such as asymmetry and peaking. These findings improve our capacity to control the quantum state produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion, and should prove useful to those pursuing the many proposed applications of down-converted light.
Symmetry plays a central role in many areas of modern physics. Here, we show that it also underpins the dual particle and wave nature of quantum systems. We begin by noting that a classical point particle breaks translational symmetry, whereas a wave with uniform amplitude does not. This provides a basis for associating particle nature with asymmetry and wave nature with symmetry. We derive expressions for the maximum amount of classical information we can have about the symmetry and asymmetry of a quantum system with respect to an arbitrary group. We find that the sum of the information about the symmetry (wave nature) and the asymmetry (particle nature) is bounded by , where D is the dimension of the Hilbert space. The combination of multiple systems is shown to exhibit greater symmetry and thus a more wavelike character. In particular, a class of entangled systems is shown to be capable of exhibiting wave-like symmetry as a whole while exhibiting particle-like asymmetry internally. We also show that superdense coding can be viewed as being essentially an interference phenomenon involving wave-like symmetry with respect to the group of Pauli operators.
We present the analytic expressions for different types of quantum interference effects in coherent instantaneous state quantum system, and discuss the behaviors of the optics and quantum interference, respectively. The important role that the geometrical phase plays in quantum interference is analyzed in detail for the first time. It is demonstrated theoretically that the measurement of the geometrical phase can be realized by appropriately choosing the pulse area of the pump field. The valid control of the quantum interference is achieved by manipulating the chirped pump field.