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physica status solidi (b)

Method of calculating the critical temperature of three‐dimensional Ising‐like system using the non‐gaussian distribution

Mykhailo P. Kozlovskii, Ihor V. Pylyuk, Z. Usatenko

Published Oct 1, 1996• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract A method for calculating the phase transition temperature Tc based on the theoretical description of the critical behaviour of the model system on the microscopic level is proposed. The main idea of such a calculation is on based a systematic consideration of the influence of the short‐ and longwavelength fluctuations of the spin density on the value of the phase transition temperature. The equation for Tc is obtained as a result of the analysis of recursion relations for the coefficients of Landau‐Ginzburg‐Wilson‐type “effective forms” and consideration of their singular properties in the critical region. As the interaction potential we use an exponentially decreasing function with effective range b. The equation for the critical temperature is obtained and the value of Tc is calculated. The dependence of Tc on the ratio b/c (c is the lattice constant) is investigated. We obtain the value βcJ = 0.211 in the case when the Ising model is approximated by the quartic measure density (ϱ4 model) and for nearest‐neighbours interaction with the interaction constant J.

DOI
10.1002/pssb.2221970221

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Low Temperature Physics•Nov 1, 1999•6 citations
Abstract A method for calculating the phase transition temperature Tc based on the theoretical description of the critical behaviour of the model system on the microscopic level is proposed. The main idea of such a calculation is on based a systematic consideration of the influence of the short‐ and longwavelength fluctuations of the spin density on the value of the phase transition temperature. The equation for Tc is obtained as a result of the analysis of recursion relations for the coefficients of Landau‐Ginzburg‐Wilson‐type “effective forms” and consideration of their singular properties in the critical region. As the interaction potential we use an exponentially decreasing function with effective range b. The equation for the critical temperature is obtained and the value of Tc is calculated. The dependence of Tc on the ratio b/c (c is the lattice constant) is investigated. We obtain the value βcJ = 0.211 in the case when the Ising model is approximated by the quartic measure density (ϱ4 model) and for nearest‐neighbours interaction with the interaction constant J.
A microscopic approach to the investigation of the three-dimensional Ising-like system thermodynamics below the phase transition temperature T c is schematically presented within the framework of the higher non-Gaussian approximation (ρ 6 model) taking into account the corrections to scaling. A microscopic analogue of the Landau free energy is calculated. Explicit expressions for the thermodynamic characteristics are obtained as functions of the temperature and microscopic parameters of the system. The thermodynamic characteristics near T c and their amplitudes are given for various values of the effective radius of the exponentially decreasing interaction potential (including the values corresponding to the nearest-neighbour interaction, the interaction between the nearest and next-nearest neighbours, and that between the nearest, next-nearest, and third neighbours). The evolutions of the free energy of the system at the phase transition point, average spin moment, and specific heat with increasing ratio of the potential effective radius to the simple cubic lattice constant are plotted. The results of calculations and their comparison with other authors' data show that the ρ 6 model provides a better quantitative description of the critical behaviour of a three-dimensional Ising magnetic than the ρ 4 model.
The microscopic approach to calculating and investigating the three-dimensional (3D) Ising-like system thermodynamics above and below the phase transition temperature Tc is developed using the collective variables method.Mathematical description is performed within the framework of the higher non-Gaussian approximation ( 6 model) taking into account the corrections to scaling.A nonuniversal factor depending on microscopic parameters of the system is singled out in the expressions for leading critical amplitudes and correction-to-scaling amplitudes.Numerical estimates of the critical region size, phase transition temperature as well as the graphs of temperature dependences of entropy and other thermodynamic characteristics near Tc are given for various values of eective radius of the exponentially decreasing interaction potential.The variation of the free energy of the system at the phase transition point, average spin moment, and speci c heat with increasing ratio of the potential eective radius to the simple cubic lattice constant is traced.The results of calculations and their comparison with the other authors' data show that the 6 model provides a more adequate quantitative description of the critical behaviour of a 3D Ising-like system than the 4 model.
The behaviour of a three-dimensional Ising-like system at temperatures above the critical value of T c is studied in the approximation of the sextic distribution for modes of spin density oscillations (ρ 6 model). The original collective variables method is developed in this higher non-Gaussian approximation for calculating the thermodynamic characteristics of the system near T c taking into account the first confluent correction. The calculations are illustrated by an example of a simple cubic lattice and an exponentially decreasing interaction potential. The main distinctive feature of the method is the separate inclusion of the contributions to the thermodynamic functions from the short-wave and long-wave spin density oscillation modes. The dependences of the phase transition temperature, leading critical amplitudes, and correction-to-scaling amplitudes for the specific heat and susceptibility on the microscopic parameters of the system are investigated.
The analytical calculation of the free energy of a three‐dimensional Ising‐like system in a homogeneous external field is performed in the higher non‐Gaussian approximation (the ρ6 model) at temperatures above the critical value of Tc (⁠Tc is the phase‐transition temperature in the absence of an external field). The free energy of the system is found by separating the contributions from the short‐ and long‐wave spin‐density oscillation modes taking into account the generalized point of exit of the system from the critical regime as a function of both the temperature and field variables. A calculation technique is based on the first principles of statistical physics and is naturally realized without any general assumptions and without any adjustable parameters. The obtained expression for the free energy does not involve series expansions in the scaling variable and is valid near the critical point not only in the regions of the so‐called weak and strong external fields but also in the crossover region between these fields. In this region, the temperature and field effects on the system are equivalent, the scaling variable is of the order of unity and power series are not efficient. The free energy contains the leading terms and terms determining the temperature and field confluent corrections.
A scheme for calculating the thermodynamic characteristics of a 3D one-component spin system in the temperature range below the critical temperature is described on the basis of the sextic measure density (ρ6 model) taking into account the first confluent correction. A microscopic analog of the Landau free energy is calculated. The coefficients of average spin moment, leading critical amplitudes, and the amplitudes of the confluent correction to specific heat and susceptibility of the system are calculated for different values of effective radius of the exponentially decreasing interaction potential. Plots of temperature dependence of entropy and other thermodynamic characteristics in the vicinity of Tc are given for various values of effective radius. The variation of the free energy of the system at the phase transition point, average spin moment, and specific heat with increasing ratio of the potential effective radius to the constant of a simple cubic lattice is traced. The results of calculations and their comparison with the data obtained by other authors show that the ρ6 model provides a better quantitative description of the critical behavior of a 3D Ising ferromagnet than the ρ4 model.
The behavior of a 3D Ising system at temperatures above Tc is studied in the approximation of sextic distribution for modes of spin moment density oscillations (ρ6 model). An original method is developed in this higher non-Gaussian approximation for calculating the thermodynamic characteristics of the 3D Ising model near Tc taking into account the first confluent correction. The contributions to the thermodynamic functions of an Ising ferromagnet (free energy, entropy, internal energy, and specific heat) from the short-wave and long-wave modes of spin density oscillations are considered separately. A nonuniversal factor determined by microscopic characteristics of the system is singled out in the expressions for leading critical amplitudes and the amplitudes of the confluent correction. Numerical estimates of the critical region size, phase transition temperature, leading critical amplitudes, and the amplitudes of the correction to scaling of specific heat and susceptibility of the system are given for different values of effective radius of the exponentially decreasing interaction potential.