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International Journal of Modern Physics A

Parasupersymmetries and Non-Lie Constants of Motion for Two-Particle Equations

A. G. Nikitin, Violeta Tretynyk

Published Sep 30, 1997• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We search for hidden symmetries of two-particle equations with oscillator-equivalent potential, proposed by Moshinsky with collaborators. We proved that these equations admit hidden symmetries and parasupersymmetries which enable one to easily find the Hamiltonian spectra using algebraic methods and to construct exact Foldy–Wouthuysen transformations. Moreover, we demonstrate that these equations are reducible and generate Hamiltonians for pararelativistic or Kemmer oscillators. We also establish equivalence relations between different approaches to Kemmer oscillator and propose new one- and two-particle equations with oscillator-equivalent potentials.

DOI
10.1142/s0217751x97002371

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Pseudosupersymmetric quantum mechanics (PsSSQM), based upon the use of pseudofermions, was introduced in the context of a new Kemmer equation describing charged vector mesons interacting with an external constant magnetic field. Here we construct the complete explicit solution for its realization in terms of two superpotentials, both equal or unequal. We prove that any orthosupersymmetric quantum mechanical system has a pseudosupersymmetry and give conditions under which a pseudosupersymmetric one may be described by orthosupersymmetries of order two. We propose two new matrix realizations of PsSSQM in terms of the generators of a generalized deformed oscillator algebra (GDOA) and relate them to the cases of equal or unequal superpotentials, respectively. We demonstrate that these matrix realizations are fully reducible and that their irreducible components provide two distinct sets of bosonized operators realizing PsSSQM and corresponding to nonlinear spectra. We relate such results to some previous ones obtained for a GDOA connected with a C3-extended oscillator algebra (where C3 = ℤ3) in the case of linear spectra.
We develop an algebraic approach for finding the eigenfunctions of a large class of few and many-body Hamiltonians, in one and higher dimensions, having linear spectra. The method presented enables one to exactly map these interacting Hamiltonians to decoupled oscillators, thereby, giving a precise correspondence between the oscillator eigenspace and the wavefunctions of these quantum systems. The symmetries behind the degeneracy structure and the commuting constants of motion responsible for the quantum integrability of some of these models are made transparent. Apart from analysing a number of well-known dynamical systems like planar oscillators with commensurate frequencies, both with or without singular inverse-square terms and generalized Calogero-Sutherland type models, we also point out a host of other examples where the present approach can be profitably employed. We further study Hamiltonians having Laughlin wavefunction as the ground-state and establish their equivalence to free oscillators. This reveals the underlying linear W1+∞W_{1+\infty}W1+∞​ symmetry algebra unambiguously and establishes the Laughlin wavefunction as the highest weight vector of this algebra.
A similarity transformation is constructed, through which a system of particles interacting with inverse-square two-body and harmonic potentials in one dimension can be mapped identically to a set of free harmonic oscillators. This equivalence provides a straightforward method to find the complete set of eigenfunctions, the exact constants of motion, and a linear ${W}_{1+\ensuremath{\infty}}$ algebra associated with this model. It is also demonstrated that a large class of models with long-range interactions, both in one and higher dimensions can be made equivalent to decoupled oscillators.
Apart from the total energy, the two-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator possesses three independent constants of motion which, with the standard symplectic structure, generates a dynamical symmetry group isomorphic to SU(2). We show that, by suitably redefining the symplectic structure, any of these three constants of motion can be used as a Hamiltonian, and that the remaining two, together with the total energy, generate a dynamical symmetry group isomorphic to SU(1,1). We also show that the standard energy levels of the quantum two-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator and their degeneracies are obtained making use of the appropriate representations of SU(1,1), provided that the canonical commutation relations are modified according to the new symplectic structure. Whereas in classical mechanics the different symplectic structures lead to equivalent formulations of the equations of motion, in quantum mechanics the modifications of the commutation relations should be accompanied by modifications in the interpretation of the formalism in order to obtain results equivalent to those found with the common relations.
Searching for non-Hermitian, -symmetric Hamiltonians [1] with real spectra has been acquiring much interest for fourteen years. In this article, we have introduced a symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonian model which is given as where ω and α are real constants, and are first order differential operators. Because the Hamiltonian is pseudo-Hermitian, we have obtained the Hermitian equivalent of which is in Sturm- Liouville form leads to exactly solvable potential models which are effective screened and hyperbolic Rosen-Morse II potentials. Using convenient sinilarity transformations, we have obtained a physical Hamiltonian h for each case. Then, the Schrödinger equation is solved exactly using Shape Invariance method of Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics [2].