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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Radiative lifetimes of excited states of rubidium up to quantum number n=12

J Marek, Pamela N. Münster

Published May 14, 1980• 51 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The lifetimes of the Rb atomic levels n 2 S, n 2 P, n 2 D up to quantum number n=12 and of the 10, 11, 12 2 F states were measured using pulsed dye laser excitation and a single-photon counting technique. Population by superradiance was applied for the excitation of the certain levels. Some data were determined by the measurement in Rb-rare-gas systems. The present results have been compared with the theoretical and experimental data given by different authors.

DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/13/9/008

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The lifetimes of the Rb atomic levels n 2 S, n 2 P, n 2 D up to quantum number n=12 and of the 10, 11, 12 2 F states were measured using pulsed dye laser excitation and a single-photon counting technique. Population by superradiance was applied for the excitation of the certain levels. Some data were determined by the measurement in Rb-rare-gas systems. The present results have been compared with the theoretical and experimental data given by different authors.
We have measured the radiative lifetimes of ns, np and nd Rydberg states of rubidium in the range 28 < n < 45. To enable long-lived states to be measured, our experiment uses slow-moving Rb atoms in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). Two experimental techniques have been adopted to reduce random and systematic errors. First, a narrow-bandwidth pulsed laser is used to excite the target Rydberg state, resulting in minimal shot-to-shot variation in the initial state population. Second, we monitor the target state population as a function of time delay from the laser pulse using a short-duration, millimetre-wave pulse that is resonant with a one- or two-photon transition. We then selectively field ionize the monitor state, and detect the resulting electrons with a micro-channel plate. This signal is an accurate mirror of the target state population, and is uncontaminated by contributions from other states which are populated by black body radiation. Our results are generally consistent with other recent experimental results obtained using a less sensitive method, and are also in excellent agreement with theory.
We report a measurement of the 5P3/2 excited-state lifetime using two-pulse photon echoes in Rb vapor. The measurement is precise to ∼1% and agrees with the best measurement of atomic lifetime in Rb. The results suggest that a measurement precise to ∼0.25% is possible through additional data acquisition and study of systematic effects. The experiment relies on short optical pulses generated from a cw laser using acousto-optic modulators. The excitation pulses are on resonance with the F=3-->F′=4 transition in Rb85 or the F=2-->F′=3 transition in Rb87. The resulting photon echo signal is detected using a heterodyne detection technique. The excited-state lifetime is determined by measuring the exponential decay of the echo intensity as a function of the time between the excitation pulses. We also present a study of the echo intensity as a function of excitation pulse area and compare the results to simulations based on optical Bloch equations. The simulations include the effects of spontaneous emission as well as spatial and temporal variations of the intensities of excitation pulses.
RbXe bands are observed using pulsed dye laser excitation of atomic alkali transitions in Rb/Xe mixtures containing 193 and 465 Torr xenon. Bands observed in absorption (A) or emission (E) at 427.0 nm (E), 497.8 nm (A), 501.8 nm (A, E), 509.0 nm (A, E), 520.0 nm (A, E) and 535.0 nm (E) are assigned to molecular potentials associated with the 6 2 P 1/2 atomic rubidium states for the first, 6 2 S 1/2 for the next two and 4 2 D 3/2,5/2 for the remaining three. The time evolution of the emission bands depends on the population mechanism of the parent atomic state which involves superradiant transitions from the pumped excited state. Monitoring of the corresponding infrared emission allows a control over the population mechanisms and an evaluation of the lifetimes, collisional quenching and reaction rates of the excimer and parent states. This in turn allows a determination of the atomic parent states of the bands observed.