Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

IEEE International Superconductive Electronics Conference (ISEC)

Measurement of quantum superposition states of a single spin with a superconducting resonator

Minaru Kawamura

Published Jul 1, 2013• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a method of measuring quantum superposition states of a single spin with a superconducting resonator. Following the von Neumann's postulate of the reduction, it seems that we cannot obtain more information about the superposition states other than the eigenvalue by a single observation. However, the indirect quantum measurement has the possibility to measure the ratio of components of the superposition states by transferring the coherence of the spin to high energy macroscopic states of a superconducting harmonic resonator. This transfer enables quantum amplification of the coherence, and the maximum amplitude of the induced current is approximately proportional to the square root of the number of quanta in the initial states. In this work we also discuss the cases containing more than one spin and classical mixed states.

DOI
10.1109/isec.2013.6604286

Related papers

Observation of a single spin by transferring its coherence to a high level macroscopic pure state

Minaru Kawamura

We discuss about quantum measurement of a single spin in a superconducting RF resonator, where amplification of coherence of the spin is enabled by transferring its coherence to the harmonic oscillator in an non-coherent state with high energy level.This quantum amplification allows that a single spin can induce macroscopic current to permits observation of a single spin state in the number and phase uncertainty relation.

AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 2014•0 citations

Preparation of macroscopic quantum superposition states of a cavity field via coupling to a superconducting charge qubit

Yu-xi Liu, L. F. Wei, Franco Nori

We propose how to generate macroscopic quantum superposition states using a microwave cavity containing a superconducting charge qubit. Based on the measurement of charge states, we show that the superpositions of two macroscopically distinguishable coherent states of a single-mode cavity field can be generated by a controllable interaction between a cavity field and a charge qubit. After such superpositions of the cavity field are created, the interaction can be switched off by the classical magnetic field, and there is no information transfer between the cavity field and the charge qubit. We also discuss the generation of the superpositions of two squeezed coherent states.

arXiv:quant-ph/0406058•Physical Review A•Jun 28, 2005•85 citations

Macroscopic quantum superposition of current states in a Josephson-junction loop

Frank K. Wilhelm, Caspar H. van der Wal, A. C. J. ter Haar +5 more

Abstract. Superconducting circuits with Josephson tunnel junctions are interesting systems for research on quantummechanical behavior of macroscopic degrees of freedom. A particular realization is a small superconducting loop containing three Josephson junctions. Close to magnetic frustration 1=2, the physics of this system corresponds to a double well, whose minima correspond to persistent currents of opposite sign. We present DC measurements of the flux indicating a smooth transition close to the degeneracy point even at very low temperatures. Furthermore, microwavespectroscopy experiments allow for the excitation to the next excited state. The dependence of the energy of the resonance on the applied flux clearly indicates the nature of these states as tunneling-splitted superpositions of flux states. We theoretically analyze the system using a generalized master-equation formulation of the spin-boson model. We address the nature of the measuring process by a switching DC SQUID and the possible interpretation of the spectroscopy data in terms of quantum coherence. We discuss these aspects in the context of further applications as a quantum bit.

Physics-Uspekhi•Oct 1, 2001•4 citations

Nondemolition Measurements of a Single Quantum Spin using Josephson Oscillations

Lev N. Bulaevskii, Marina Hruška, Alexander Shnirman +2 more

We consider a single localized spin-1/2 between the singlet superconducting leads of a Josephson junction (e.g., a superconducting STM). For the spin subject to a dc magnetic field B parallel z, we study the spin dynamics and the possibility to measure the spin state via transport through the junction embedded in a dissipative circuit. Turning on the tunneling or a voltage bias induces oscillations of the Josephson current, with an amplitude sensitive to the initial value of the z component of the spin, S(z)=+/-1/2. At low temperatures, when effects of quasiparticles are negligible, this procedure realizes a quantum nondemolition measurement of S(z).

arXiv:cond-mat/0312274•Physical Review Letters•Apr 27, 2004•23 citations

Investigation of possibility of creation of a superconductor quantum register

A. A. Burlakov, Vladimir L. Gurtovoi, S. V. Dubonos +2 more

Multiple and single measurements of quantum states of mesoscopic superconducting loops are carried out in order to investigate a possibility of macroscopic quantum superposition and of creation of a superconductor quantum register. Asymmetric superconducting rings are used in order to be convinced that single measurement gives result corresponding to one of permitted states and multiple one gives an average value on these states. We have measured magnetic dependencies of resistance, rectified voltage and critical current on these rings. The observed quantum oscillations of the resistance and the rectified voltage, corresponding to multiple measurement of quantum states, give evidence of two permitted states at the magnetic flux inside the ring divisible by half of the flux quantum. But the observed quantum oscillations of the critical current, corresponding to single measurement, not only does not confirm these two quantum states, but are in a direct contradiction with the observed oscillations of the resistance. It is assumed that the observed contradiction between the results of measurements made on the same ring can testify to violation of the principle of realism on the mesoscopic level that is a necessary condition for an opportunity of creation of a quantum computer.

arXiv:cond-mat/0609345•Sep 14, 2006•0 citations

Energy and information in fluorescence with superconducting circuits

Nathanaël Cottet

This experimental thesis explores energetic and informational aspects of the fluorescence emitted by superconducting circuits. A quantum bit interacting with a resonant drive exchanges quanta of energy during absorption and emission cycles. Using low- noise amplification and linear detection of microwave light, we have developed a measurement setup to record the energy and complex amplitude of the fluorescence field and realized three experiments based on the record of fluorescence. First, we have realized and demonstrated a transfer of energy between two resonant drives. Owing to the properties of stimulated emission, the direction and magnitude of energy transfer can be controlled by the phase of a quantum superposition of qubit states. Second, we have used the information contained in fluorescence to implement a new readout scheme for superconducting circuits without the help of any ancillary quantum system. The circuit, directly coupled to the environment, encodes quantum information in a well-protected subspace and is read using the fluorescence of a strongly coupled transition. Finally, we have explored the interplay between information and energy in the quantum regime by realizing an autonomous Maxwell's demon. The demon is a cavity measuring the system, a superconducting qubit. Work is extracted in the form of a stimulated photon emitted by the qubit and is directly measured using our fluorescence measurement setup. It is linked with the variations of the system's internal energy. Using independent measurements, the transfer of information from the system to the demon is quantified. In particular, we demonstrated the quantum signatures of the demon when the system is initialized in a quantum superposition.

•Nov 20, 2018•0 citations
We propose a method of measuring quantum superposition states of a single spin with a superconducting resonator. Following the von Neumann's postulate of the reduction, it seems that we cannot obtain more information about the superposition states other than the eigenvalue by a single observation. However, the indirect quantum measurement has the possibility to measure the ratio of components of the superposition states by transferring the coherence of the spin to high energy macroscopic states of a superconducting harmonic resonator. This transfer enables quantum amplification of the coherence, and the maximum amplitude of the induced current is approximately proportional to the square root of the number of quanta in the initial states. In this work we also discuss the cases containing more than one spin and classical mixed states.
We propose how to generate macroscopic quantum superposition states using a microwave cavity containing a superconducting charge qubit. Based on the measurement of charge states, we show that the superpositions of two macroscopically distinguishable coherent states of a single-mode cavity field can be generated by a controllable interaction between a cavity field and a charge qubit. After such superpositions of the cavity field are created, the interaction can be switched off by the classical magnetic field, and there is no information transfer between the cavity field and the charge qubit. We also discuss the generation of the superpositions of two squeezed coherent states.
Abstract. Superconducting circuits with Josephson tunnel junctions are interesting systems for research on quantummechanical behavior of macroscopic degrees of freedom. A particular realization is a small superconducting loop containing three Josephson junctions. Close to magnetic frustration 1=2, the physics of this system corresponds to a double well, whose minima correspond to persistent currents of opposite sign. We present DC measurements of the flux indicating a smooth transition close to the degeneracy point even at very low temperatures. Furthermore, microwavespectroscopy experiments allow for the excitation to the next excited state. The dependence of the energy of the resonance on the applied flux clearly indicates the nature of these states as tunneling-splitted superpositions of flux states. We theoretically analyze the system using a generalized master-equation formulation of the spin-boson model. We address the nature of the measuring process by a switching DC SQUID and the possible interpretation of the spectroscopy data in terms of quantum coherence. We discuss these aspects in the context of further applications as a quantum bit.
We consider a single localized spin-1/2 between the singlet superconducting leads of a Josephson junction (e.g., a superconducting STM). For the spin subject to a dc magnetic field B parallel z, we study the spin dynamics and the possibility to measure the spin state via transport through the junction embedded in a dissipative circuit. Turning on the tunneling or a voltage bias induces oscillations of the Josephson current, with an amplitude sensitive to the initial value of the z component of the spin, S(z)=+/-1/2. At low temperatures, when effects of quasiparticles are negligible, this procedure realizes a quantum nondemolition measurement of S(z).
Multiple and single measurements of quantum states of mesoscopic superconducting loops are carried out in order to investigate a possibility of macroscopic quantum superposition and of creation of a superconductor quantum register. Asymmetric superconducting rings are used in order to be convinced that single measurement gives result corresponding to one of permitted states and multiple one gives an average value on these states. We have measured magnetic dependencies of resistance, rectified voltage and critical current on these rings. The observed quantum oscillations of the resistance and the rectified voltage, corresponding to multiple measurement of quantum states, give evidence of two permitted states at the magnetic flux inside the ring divisible by half of the flux quantum. But the observed quantum oscillations of the critical current, corresponding to single measurement, not only does not confirm these two quantum states, but are in a direct contradiction with the observed oscillations of the resistance. It is assumed that the observed contradiction between the results of measurements made on the same ring can testify to violation of the principle of realism on the mesoscopic level that is a necessary condition for an opportunity of creation of a quantum computer.
This experimental thesis explores energetic and informational aspects of the fluorescence emitted by superconducting circuits. A quantum bit interacting with a resonant drive exchanges quanta of energy during absorption and emission cycles. Using low- noise amplification and linear detection of microwave light, we have developed a measurement setup to record the energy and complex amplitude of the fluorescence field and realized three experiments based on the record of fluorescence. First, we have realized and demonstrated a transfer of energy between two resonant drives. Owing to the properties of stimulated emission, the direction and magnitude of energy transfer can be controlled by the phase of a quantum superposition of qubit states. Second, we have used the information contained in fluorescence to implement a new readout scheme for superconducting circuits without the help of any ancillary quantum system. The circuit, directly coupled to the environment, encodes quantum information in a well-protected subspace and is read using the fluorescence of a strongly coupled transition. Finally, we have explored the interplay between information and energy in the quantum regime by realizing an autonomous Maxwell's demon. The demon is a cavity measuring the system, a superconducting qubit. Work is extracted in the form of a stimulated photon emitted by the qubit and is directly measured using our fluorescence measurement setup. It is linked with the variations of the system's internal energy. Using independent measurements, the transfer of information from the system to the demon is quantified. In particular, we demonstrated the quantum signatures of the demon when the system is initialized in a quantum superposition.