Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Demonstration of nonlocal dispersion cancelled two-photon Bessel interference in frequency domain

Batiste Galmès, J.-P. Decurey, I. Mbodji, Luca Furfaro, Kien Phan Huy, Laurent Larger, John M. Dudley, Jean-Marc Mérolla

Published May 1, 2013• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Entangled photons have appeared to be a promising way both for fundamental tests of physical principles and for quantum information applications such as Quantum Key Distribution. In particular, using entangled photons could potentially allow the realization of key distribution protocols over distances greater than a few hundreds of kilometers and security certification without a priori trust in the devices employed. Recently we reported experiments in which entanglement is manipulated in the frequency domain using electro-optic phase modulators driven by radio-frequency signals. Such method allows observation of an accurate and stable high-visibility (better than 99%) two-photon Bessel interference patterns. However in long distance fibre implementation this scheme remains sensitive to chromatic dispersion effect. We report a simple non local dispersion cancellation method built entirely from off-the-shelf components. The figure 1 a) depicts a setup allowing a realization of a non local dispersion cancellation in frequency domain. Pairs of photon are created by parametric down conversion in a Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate (PPLN) waveguide symmetrically around the 1550 nm wavelength (pulsation ω0). A 3dB coupler separates photon pairs. One of the photons is launched in a fibre spool. The second is launched in equivalent fibre spool following by a commercial programmable optical filter based on solid-state Liquid Crystal on Silicon switching element (Waveshaper 4000S). This equipment allows introducing a negative dispersion necessary to cancel the positive dispersion effect experienced by the photons propagating in the fiber spools. Both photons are then modulated by independent electro-optic phase modulators (EOPM) at 25 GHz. The relative phases between the 25 GHz signals are independently controlled by two phase shifters PS1 and PS2. After modulation, the photons are sent through narrowband tunable filters (F1,2) centred on angular frequency ω0. The photons are detected by two Avalanche Photodiodes (D1, 2). The phase modulators perform Bessel-type interference between photons separately detected on D1 and D2 (see [3] for details). The figure 1 b) and 1c) shows respectively the theoretical evolution of the interference patterns versus the distance when the phase shift is varying between 0 and 2π without (b) and with (c) negative dispersion (the normalized amplitude of modulation is 2.74). The introduction of negative dispersion allows cancelling the dispersion effect on the observed interference patterns.

DOI
10.1109/cleoe-iqec.2013.6801718

Related papers

Two-photon experiments in the frequency domain

I. Mbodji, Laurent Olislager, Erik Woodhead +7 more

We report on the study of two-photon interference in the frequency domain. Bell and Hong-Ou-Mandel experiments are investigated. These experiments involve the manipulation of photons in the frequency domain, using off-the-shelf telecommunication components such as electro-optic phase modulators and narrow-band frequency filters. In the first experiment, photon pairs entangled in frequency are created and separated. Each photon is then directed through an independent electro-optic phase modulator. Variation of the radio-frequency parameters of the modulation gives rise to a well-controlled Bessel-shape two-photon interference pattern in the frequency domain. This is efficiently measured with narrow-band frequency filters and superconducting single photon detectors. Experimental measurements exhibit high visibilities (over 99 percent both for net and raw visibilities) and allow the (theoretically proven) optimal violation of a Bell inequality for our setup (by more than 18 standard deviations). The second experiment is a Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment in the frequency domain. We show that a grating (spatial domain) or a phase modulator (temporal domain) can be seen as a frequency beam splitter. A broadband spectrum of photon pairs is divided into two interleaved frequency combs, each one used as an independent input to this acting beam splitter. A theoretical calculation shows clear photon anti-bunching behavior.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Apr 11, 2012•0 citations

Implementing two-photon interference in the frequency domain with electro-optic phase modulators

Laurent Olislager, I. Mbodji, Erik Woodhead +6 more

Frequency-entangled photons can be readily produced using parametric down-conversion. We have recently shown how such entanglement could be manipulated and measured using electro-optic phase modulators and narrow-band frequency filters, thereby leading to two-photon interference patterns in the frequency domain. Here we introduce new theoretical and experimental developments showing that this method is potentially a competitive platform for the realization of quantum communication protocols in standard telecommunication fibres. We derive a simple theoretical expression for the coincidence probabilities and use it to optimize a Bell inequality. Furthermore, we establish an equivalence between the entangled- photon scheme and a classical interference scheme. Our measurements of two-photon interference in the frequency domain yield raw visibilities in excess of 99%. We use our high quality setup to experimentally validate the theoretical predictions, and in particular we report a violation of the CH74 inequality by more than 18 standard deviations.

arXiv:1107.5519•New Journal of Physics•Apr 17, 2012•30 citations

Creating and manipulating entangled optical qubits in the frequency domain

Laurent Olislager, Erik Woodhead, Kien Phan Huy +3 more

Radio-frequency phase modulation of frequency-entangled photons leads to a two-photon interference pattern in the frequency domain. In recent experiments, the pattern was measured with narrow-band frequency filters which select photons belonging to a given frequency bin. Here we show how photons can be grouped into even and odd frequencies by using periodic frequency filters called interleavers. In our theoretical analysis we show how this reduces the high-dimensional photon state to an effective two-dimensional state. This is of interest for applications such as quantum cryptography or low-dimensional tests of quantum nonlocality. We then report an experimental realization of this proposal. The observed two-photon interference pattern and violation of the CHSH inequality---the simplest binary-outcome Bell inequality---are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.

arXiv:1403.0805•Physical Review A•May 22, 2014•31 citations

Long-distance distribution of time-bin entangled photon pairs over 100 km using frequency up-conversion detectors

Toshimori Honjo, Hiroki Takesue, Hidehiko Kamada +4 more

We report an experimental demonstration of the distribution of time-bin entangled photon pairs over 100 km of optical fiber. In our experiment, 1.5-mum non-degenerated time-bin entangled photon pairs were generated with a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide by using the parametric down conversion process. Combining this approach with ultra-low-loss filters to eliminate the pump light and separate signal and idler photons, we obtained an efficient entangled photon pair source. To detect the photons, we used single-photon detectors based on frequency up-conversion. These detectors operated in a non-gated mode so that we could use a pulse stream of time correlated entangled photon pairs at a high repetition frequency (1 GHz). Using these elements, we distributed time-bin entangled photon pairs over 100 km of dispersion shifted fiber and performed a two-photon interference experiment. We obtained a coincidence fringe of 81.6% visibility without subtracting any background noise, such as accidental coincidence or dark count, which was good enough to violate Bell's inequality. Thus, we successfully distributed time-bin entangled photon pairs over 100 km.

Optics Express•Jan 1, 2007•74 citations

The Impact of Photon Entanglement on Local and Nonlocal Dispersion Cancellation

Amin Babazadeh, Rahman Nouroozi

Recently the engineering of the entanglement for photon pairs generated during the spontaneous parametric down conversion process (SPDC) can be achieved via manipulation of pump wavelength behind a \c{hi}(2)-based type II SPDC process [1]. Such effect is used in this paper for demonstration of non-classical dispersion cancellation phenomenon in both local and nonlocal detections, theoretically. The following results are analytically achieved: I) For local detection, if narrow pump laser (highly entangled photons) are used, the dispersive broadening cancelation is directly depends on the degree of entanglement. The higher entanglement degree, the more compensation occurs. The results indicate that by increasing the FWHM of the pump the impact of the entanglement degree is decreased in such a way that for a pump with FWHM=4 nm the entanglement has no effect on the broadening. Therefore, the dispersive broadening is only depends on the temporal walk-off between generated photon pairs and the pump. II) For nonlocal detection, it is also shown that entanglement cancels the dispersive broadening if and only if each of the generated paired photons propagate through dispersive material with identical length with opposite group velocity sign.

arXiv:1702.06693•Feb 22, 2017•0 citations

Frequency-bin entangled photons

Laurent Olislager, Johann Cussey, Anh Tuan Nguyen +4 more

A monochromatic laser pumping a parametric down-conversion crystal generates frequency-entangled photon pairs. We study this experimentally by addressing such frequency-entangled photons at telecommunication wavelengths (around $1550$ nm) with fiber-optics components such as electro-optic phase modulators and narrow-band frequency filters. The theory underlying our approach uses the notion of frequency-bin entanglement. Our results show that the phase modulators address coherently up to eleven frequency bins, leading to an interference pattern which can violate by more than five standard deviations a Bell inequality adapted to our setup.

arXiv:0910.1325•Physical Review A•Jul 6, 2010•185 citations
Entangled photons have appeared to be a promising way both for fundamental tests of physical principles and for quantum information applications such as Quantum Key Distribution. In particular, using entangled photons could potentially allow the realization of key distribution protocols over distances greater than a few hundreds of kilometers and security certification without a priori trust in the devices employed. Recently we reported experiments in which entanglement is manipulated in the frequency domain using electro-optic phase modulators driven by radio-frequency signals. Such method allows observation of an accurate and stable high-visibility (better than 99%) two-photon Bessel interference patterns. However in long distance fibre implementation this scheme remains sensitive to chromatic dispersion effect. We report a simple non local dispersion cancellation method built entirely from off-the-shelf components. The figure 1 a) depicts a setup allowing a realization of a non local dispersion cancellation in frequency domain. Pairs of photon are created by parametric down conversion in a Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate (PPLN) waveguide symmetrically around the 1550 nm wavelength (pulsation ω0). A 3dB coupler separates photon pairs. One of the photons is launched in a fibre spool. The second is launched in equivalent fibre spool following by a commercial programmable optical filter based on solid-state Liquid Crystal on Silicon switching element (Waveshaper 4000S). This equipment allows introducing a negative dispersion necessary to cancel the positive dispersion effect experienced by the photons propagating in the fiber spools. Both photons are then modulated by independent electro-optic phase modulators (EOPM) at 25 GHz. The relative phases between the 25 GHz signals are independently controlled by two phase shifters PS1 and PS2. After modulation, the photons are sent through narrowband tunable filters (F1,2) centred on angular frequency ω0. The photons are detected by two Avalanche Photodiodes (D1, 2). The phase modulators perform Bessel-type interference between photons separately detected on D1 and D2 (see [3] for details). The figure 1 b) and 1c) shows respectively the theoretical evolution of the interference patterns versus the distance when the phase shift is varying between 0 and 2π without (b) and with (c) negative dispersion (the normalized amplitude of modulation is 2.74). The introduction of negative dispersion allows cancelling the dispersion effect on the observed interference patterns.
We report on the study of two-photon interference in the frequency domain. Bell and Hong-Ou-Mandel experiments are investigated. These experiments involve the manipulation of photons in the frequency domain, using off-the-shelf telecommunication components such as electro-optic phase modulators and narrow-band frequency filters. In the first experiment, photon pairs entangled in frequency are created and separated. Each photon is then directed through an independent electro-optic phase modulator. Variation of the radio-frequency parameters of the modulation gives rise to a well-controlled Bessel-shape two-photon interference pattern in the frequency domain. This is efficiently measured with narrow-band frequency filters and superconducting single photon detectors. Experimental measurements exhibit high visibilities (over 99 percent both for net and raw visibilities) and allow the (theoretically proven) optimal violation of a Bell inequality for our setup (by more than 18 standard deviations). The second experiment is a Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment in the frequency domain. We show that a grating (spatial domain) or a phase modulator (temporal domain) can be seen as a frequency beam splitter. A broadband spectrum of photon pairs is divided into two interleaved frequency combs, each one used as an independent input to this acting beam splitter. A theoretical calculation shows clear photon anti-bunching behavior.
Frequency-entangled photons can be readily produced using parametric down-conversion. We have recently shown how such entanglement could be manipulated and measured using electro-optic phase modulators and narrow-band frequency filters, thereby leading to two-photon interference patterns in the frequency domain. Here we introduce new theoretical and experimental developments showing that this method is potentially a competitive platform for the realization of quantum communication protocols in standard telecommunication fibres. We derive a simple theoretical expression for the coincidence probabilities and use it to optimize a Bell inequality. Furthermore, we establish an equivalence between the entangled- photon scheme and a classical interference scheme. Our measurements of two-photon interference in the frequency domain yield raw visibilities in excess of 99%. We use our high quality setup to experimentally validate the theoretical predictions, and in particular we report a violation of the CH74 inequality by more than 18 standard deviations.
Radio-frequency phase modulation of frequency-entangled photons leads to a two-photon interference pattern in the frequency domain. In recent experiments, the pattern was measured with narrow-band frequency filters which select photons belonging to a given frequency bin. Here we show how photons can be grouped into even and odd frequencies by using periodic frequency filters called interleavers. In our theoretical analysis we show how this reduces the high-dimensional photon state to an effective two-dimensional state. This is of interest for applications such as quantum cryptography or low-dimensional tests of quantum nonlocality. We then report an experimental realization of this proposal. The observed two-photon interference pattern and violation of the CHSH inequality---the simplest binary-outcome Bell inequality---are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.
We report an experimental demonstration of the distribution of time-bin entangled photon pairs over 100 km of optical fiber. In our experiment, 1.5-mum non-degenerated time-bin entangled photon pairs were generated with a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide by using the parametric down conversion process. Combining this approach with ultra-low-loss filters to eliminate the pump light and separate signal and idler photons, we obtained an efficient entangled photon pair source. To detect the photons, we used single-photon detectors based on frequency up-conversion. These detectors operated in a non-gated mode so that we could use a pulse stream of time correlated entangled photon pairs at a high repetition frequency (1 GHz). Using these elements, we distributed time-bin entangled photon pairs over 100 km of dispersion shifted fiber and performed a two-photon interference experiment. We obtained a coincidence fringe of 81.6% visibility without subtracting any background noise, such as accidental coincidence or dark count, which was good enough to violate Bell's inequality. Thus, we successfully distributed time-bin entangled photon pairs over 100 km.
Recently the engineering of the entanglement for photon pairs generated during the spontaneous parametric down conversion process (SPDC) can be achieved via manipulation of pump wavelength behind a \c{hi}(2)-based type II SPDC process [1]. Such effect is used in this paper for demonstration of non-classical dispersion cancellation phenomenon in both local and nonlocal detections, theoretically. The following results are analytically achieved: I) For local detection, if narrow pump laser (highly entangled photons) are used, the dispersive broadening cancelation is directly depends on the degree of entanglement. The higher entanglement degree, the more compensation occurs. The results indicate that by increasing the FWHM of the pump the impact of the entanglement degree is decreased in such a way that for a pump with FWHM=4 nm the entanglement has no effect on the broadening. Therefore, the dispersive broadening is only depends on the temporal walk-off between generated photon pairs and the pump. II) For nonlocal detection, it is also shown that entanglement cancels the dispersive broadening if and only if each of the generated paired photons propagate through dispersive material with identical length with opposite group velocity sign.
A monochromatic laser pumping a parametric down-conversion crystal generates frequency-entangled photon pairs. We study this experimentally by addressing such frequency-entangled photons at telecommunication wavelengths (around 155015501550 nm) with fiber-optics components such as electro-optic phase modulators and narrow-band frequency filters. The theory underlying our approach uses the notion of frequency-bin entanglement. Our results show that the phase modulators address coherently up to eleven frequency bins, leading to an interference pattern which can violate by more than five standard deviations a Bell inequality adapted to our setup.