To shed light into the pairing mechanism of possible spin triplet superconductors
(TMTSF)2X and
Sr2RuO4, we study the competition among various spin singlet and triplet pairing channels in the Hubbard model by calculating the pairing interaction vertex using the ground state quantum Monte Carlo technique. We model
(TMTSF)2X by a quarter-filled quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) Hubbard model, and the $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ band of
Sr2RuO4 by a two-dimensional (2D) Hubbard model with a band filling of $\ensuremath{\sim}4∕3$. For the quasi-1D system, we find that triplet
f-wave pairing not only dominates over the triplet
p wave in agreement with the spin fluctuation theory, but also looks unexpectedly competitive against
d waves. For the 2D system, although the results suggest the presence of an attractive interaction in the triplet pairing channels, the
d-wave pairing interaction is found to be larger than those of the triplet channels.
The influence of long-range spin and charge fluctuations on spectra of the two-dimensional (2D) fermionic Hubbard model is considered using the strong coupling diagram technique (SCDT). Infinite sequences of diagrams containing ladder inserts, which describe the interaction of electrons with these fluctuations, are summed, and obtained equations are self-consistently solved for the range of Hubbard repulsions 4t [Formula: see text]U [Formula: see text] 8t and temperatures 0.3t [Formula: see text] T [Formula: see text] t with t the intersite hopping constant. It was found that a metal–insulator transition curve goes from larger U and T to smaller values of these parameters. The temperature decrease causes the transition to the long-range antiferromagnetic order. It is responsible for the splitting out of a narrow band from a Hubbard subband with doping for U = 8t and low T. This segregated band is located near the Fermi level and forms a pseudogap here.
We formulate a theory to the 2D Hubbard model in a framework free of finite size effect and numerical analytical continuation, yet containing the essential features of the 2D Hubbard model, i.e., the correct atomic limit for large frequencies and 2D spin fluctuations. As temperature is decreased for a 2D half-filled band, 2D critical fluctuations give rise to a strong local maximum in the scattering rates at the chemical potential leading to a split peak in the spectral function. As U is increased, four peaks associated with antiferromagnetic and Hubbard bands begin to develop in small and intermediate frequency regimes.