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Optics Express

Generation of strongly squeezed continuous-wave light at 1064 nm

Klaus Schneider, M. Lang, J. Mlynek, Stephan Schiller

Published Feb 2, 1998• 71 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A compact and effcient source of amplitude-squeezed light is described. It employs a semi-monolithic degenerate MgO:LiNbO(3) optical parametric amplifier pumped by a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm. Injection-seeding of the amplifier by a 1064 nm wave permits active stabilization of the cavity length and stable operation. At a pump power of 380 mW, a maximum noise reduction of 6.5 dB in the amplitude fluctuations of the 0.2 mW 1064 nm wave was detected. The average detected noise reduction in continuous operation over 14 minutes was 6.2 dB. Taking the detection effciency into account, this corresponds to a squeezing of 7.2 dB in the emitted wave.

DOI
10.1364/oe.2.000059

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Optics Letters•Nov 1, 1995•43 citations
A compact and effcient source of amplitude-squeezed light is described. It employs a semi-monolithic degenerate MgO:LiNbO(3) optical parametric amplifier pumped by a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm. Injection-seeding of the amplifier by a 1064 nm wave permits active stabilization of the cavity length and stable operation. At a pump power of 380 mW, a maximum noise reduction of 6.5 dB in the amplitude fluctuations of the 0.2 mW 1064 nm wave was detected. The average detected noise reduction in continuous operation over 14 minutes was 6.2 dB. Taking the detection effciency into account, this corresponds to a squeezing of 7.2 dB in the emitted wave.
Continuous-wave amplitude-squeezed light at 1064 nm has been generated with excellent long-term stability by use of a dual-port type I degenerate optical parametric amplifier pumped by a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser. A seed wave at 1064 nm is resonantly injected through the low-transmission cavity port, whereas the parametrically deamplified and squeezed output wave is extracted from the high-transmission port. Amplitude noise reduction of as much as 4.3 dB is observed directly at an output power of 0.15 mW. Stable noise suppression exceeding 3.8 dB is obtained for several hours by phase locking of the pump wave. The longterm stability and simplicity make this device suitable for sub-shot-noise metrology.
Summary form only given. We report on the development and characterization of a novel source of bright squeezed light based on parametric deamplification of a seed wave. The device is both simple to implement and exhibits excellent temporal stability. A diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser serves as the primary source of the system. Most of the laser power is frequency doubled in a semi-monolithic MgO:LiNbO/sub 3/ standing wave cavity to provide the pump wave at 532 nm for a dual port degenerate optical parametric amplifier (DOPA). The DOPA resonator consists of a MgO:LiNbO/sub 3/-crystal and a concave external mirror mounted on a piezoelectric transducer (PZT). A seed wave at 1064 nm is resonantly injected through the spherically polished endface of the crystal, which is coated with a high reflector at 1064 and 532 nm. Degenerate operation is achieved by stabilization of the cavity length such that the seed wave is resonant. The external mirror, which is highly transmitting at 532 nm and has a reflectivity of 96% at 1064 nm, is used both for incoupling of the pump wave and for extraction of the parametrically deamplified and squeezed output infrared wave. The relative phase between pump and seed wave is stabilized to maximum deamplification by a lock-in technique to ensure stable amplitude squeezing of the DOPA.
We discuss different approaches to the generation of bright amplitude-squeezed light using second-order nonlinear effects in optical cavities. A 0.2 mW beam at 1064 nm exhibiting 4 dB squeezing has been generated using a phase-sensitive type-I parametric amplifier pumped by a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser. In applying frequency-doubling processes to the generation of amplitude-squeezed light, the appearance of parasitic parametric oscillation must be considered. This effect has been observed in a singly-resonant frequency doubler. We also describe recent developments in optical cavity design for doubly-resonant frequency-doubling. Finally, we show theoretically that phase-mismatched second-harmonic generation in an optical cavity can be employed to generate a strong effective Kerr nonlinearity. This system appears promising for achieving optical bistability and for generating squeezed light of high power. Keywords: Non-classical light, squeezed light, amplitude squeezing, nonlinear op...
The engineering of strongly squeezed vacuum states of light is a key technology for the reduction of quantum noise in gravitational wave detectors. We report on the observation of up to 12.0 dB squeezed vacuum states of light at the wavelength of 1064 nm in the frequency band from 10 Hz to 100 kHz. This is the strongest squeezing reported to date within this detection band. The squeezed states were generated in a half-monolithic, standing-wave cavity optical parametric amplifier, which was resonant for the fundamental and harmonic light fields. We chose appropriate reflectivities to obtain a significant reduction of the required pump power, which was 8.6 mW only. Our analysis revealed that the residual measurement phase noise was smaller than 3.5 mrad rms and that the squeezed light source provided up to 14 dB of squeezing for a downstream application. The experiment was electronically stabilized in all relevant degrees of freedom, demonstrating the applicability of the linear, doubly resonant cavity topology for current and future gravitational wave detectors.
Summary form only given.We describe the generation and detection of broadband squeezed states at 1047 nm in a lithium triborate (LiB/sub 3/O/sub 5/) degenerate optical parametric amplifier (DOPA). The light source used is a laser-diode-pumped additive pulse mode-locked Nd:LiYF/sub 4/ laser, which produces pulses 3 ps in duration at repetition rate of 140 MHz, and the average output power is 1 W. The fundamental light is frequency doubled in an external ring enhancement cavity, and the resulting high peak power of the doubled light means that it is possible to produce significant squeezing even in a single-pass or traveling-wave parametric amplifier.