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Physical Review A

Sampling canonical phase distribution

Matteo G. A. Paris

Published Dec 1, 1999• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We suggest a method to measure the canonical (London) phase distribution of a single-mode radiation field by a heterodyne or a multiport homodyne detector. The technique is based on sampling the overlap between the signal mode and a phase coherent state.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.60.5136

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We study measurements of single-mode phase observables with emphasis on the canonical phase. We focus on the class of phase-shift covariant phase-space observables, which then yield the phase observables as the angle margins after integrating over the radial part. We consider the possibility of measuring such observables by using a double homodyne detector and its modification. We show that, in principle, the canonical phase distribution of the signal state can be measured via double homodyne detection by first processing the state using a two-mode unitary channel.
Using coherent phase states, parameterized phase state distributions for a single-mode radiation field are introduced and their integral relation to the phase-parameterized field-strength distributions is studied. The integral kernel is evaluated and the problem of direct sampling of the coherent phase state distributions using balanced homodyne detection is considered. Numerical simulations show that when the value of the smoothing parameter is not too small the coherent phase state distributions can be obtained with sufficiently well accuracy. With decreasing value of the smoothing parameter the determination of the coherent phase state distributions may be an effort, because both the numerical calculation of the sampling function and the measurement of the field-strength distributions are required to be performed with drastically increasing accuracy.