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Journal of Optics B Quantum and Semiclassical Optics

Probabilistic teleportation and quantum operation

Arun Kumar Pati, Pankaj Agrawal

Published Jul 28, 2004• 39 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We describe a new protocol where, by using a non-maximally entangled basis as the measurement basis, one can use a general pure entangled state as a resource for quantum teleportation. Using this protocol one can teleport a state with unit fidelity though less than unit probability. We also use the more natural language of quantum operations to describe this probabilistic teleportation. We also provide success and failure probabilities for this protocol. This scheme could be of use in real experiments which may be tested in the near future.

DOI
10.1088/1464-4266/6/8/034

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We describe a new protocol where, by using a non-maximally entangled basis as the measurement basis, one can use a general pure entangled state as a resource for quantum teleportation. Using this protocol one can teleport a state with unit fidelity though less than unit probability. We also use the more natural language of quantum operations to describe this probabilistic teleportation. We also provide success and failure probabilities for this protocol. This scheme could be of use in real experiments which may be tested in the near future.
We consider a generalized quantum teleportation protocol for an unknown qubit using non-maximally entangled state as a shared resource. Without recourse to local filtering or entanglement concentration, using standard Bell-state measurement and classical communication one cannot teleport the state with unit fidelity and unit probability. We show that using non-maximally entangled measurements one can teleport an unknown state with unit fidelity albeit with reduced probability. We also give a generalized protocol for entanglement swapping using non-maximally entangled states. I.
In the presence of quantum noise a perfect EPR pair becomes imperfect and may be described by a non-maximally entangled pair. With non-maximally entangled state as a resource one cannot teleport an unknown state faithfully. Typically, one has to perform either local filtering or entanglement concentration and then follow the standard teleportation method. In this talk, we will present a new protocol that uses neither local filtering nor entanglement concentration to teleport an unknown state. We show that using non-maximally entangled measurements one can teleport an unknown state with unit fidelity but with a probability that is less than unit. Ours is a generalized quantum teleportation protocol that encompasses probabilistic as well as deterministic teleportation scenarios. We describe the probabilistic teleportation in terms of quantum operations and give explicit expressions for success and failure probabilities. This may have practical value in real experiments, and even may be tested with current technology.
We present a scheme for probabilistic teleportation via a non-maximally entangled GHZ state. Quantum teleportation will succeed with a certain probability if the sender makes a generalized Bell state measurement, the cooperator performs a generalized XXX basis measurement, and the receiver introduces an auxiliary particle, performs a collective unitary transformation and makes a measurement on the auxiliary particle. The success probability of the teleportation is given. We also obtain the maximum of the success probability of the teleportation.
A scheme for teleporting an unknown quantum state via a partially entangled particle pair is proposed. We show that teleportation can be successful realized with unit fidelity but less than unit probability if the sender performs a rotational operation on the teleported qubit and then performs computation basis measurements on the teleported particle and the half of the entangled particle pair respectively. The probability of successful teleportation is determined by both Schmidt coefficients of the entangled pair. This method can be generalized to the teleportation of an arbitrary and unknown multi-qubit state.
The protocols presented in this chapter are probabilistic teleportation protocols in which there are cases of failures with certain probabilities. Probabilistic teleportation schemes of various kinds have been discussed in works like [ 1 , 41 , 45 , 76 , 82 , 85 , 98 , 118 , 135 , 168 , 169 , 180 ]. Generally the quantum resources used in these protocols are not maximally entangled. This is one explanation for the probabilistic nature of these protocols. The justification of studying these protocols is that the generation and preservation of resources for these protocols are less difficult compared to that of those where maximally entangled states are used. Also, there is a class of resumable protocols in which the probabilistic teleportation process can be repeated in the case where the attempt fails in the first place [ 21 , 52 , 104 , 105 ].