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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

A Michelson Interferometer for Relative Phase Locking of Optical Beams

Guowei Li, Sheng-Jhe Huang, Hsu-Sheng Wu, Shiang Fang, De-Sheng Hong, Tarek Ali Mohamed, Dian-Jiun Han

Published Jan 25, 2008• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A Michelson-type interferometer is built to dynamically lock the optical phase difference between the two-arm laser beams. The phase difference is tunable and allowed for continuous adjustments nearly by 160°. Under the best locking condition, a relative phase stability better than 0.1° is achieved starting from the original phase jitter of 10 to 15°. The interferometer is made by simply adding a pair of Brewster windows in one arm of the conventional setup, yet it provides much robust phase locking. It is readily applicable for optical lattice construction and nondestructive phase contrast imaging of ultracold atoms.

DOI
10.1143/jpsj.77.024301

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A Michelson-type interferometer is built to dynamically lock the optical phase difference between the two-arm laser beams. The phase difference is tunable and allowed for continuous adjustments nearly by 160°. Under the best locking condition, a relative phase stability better than 0.1° is achieved starting from the original phase jitter of 10 to 15°. The interferometer is made by simply adding a pair of Brewster windows in one arm of the conventional setup, yet it provides much robust phase locking. It is readily applicable for optical lattice construction and nondestructive phase contrast imaging of ultracold atoms.
An actively stabilized Michelson interferometer with a long optical-path-length difference is developed to generate a phase-locked pulse pair on the order of nanoseconds. A rigid frame and a piezoelectric feedback loop enable us to stabilize an interferometer to the optical-path-length difference of up to 5.8 m within λ/20 for 1 h. It is demonstrated that this interferometer is useful for generating a phase-tunable pulse pair up to an interval of 19 ns, which opens new possibilities for measuring the long-time coherence in the nanosecond region in the field of coherent control spectroscopy.
We present an experimental scheme for fast phase difference control of optical beams based on a simple, however robust setup of Mach–Zehnder interferometer. We demonstrate to smoothly tune the relative phase by 140° in 275 ms, with an average peak-to-peak phase difference jitter less than 0.9°. The overall achievable tuning range, both for continuous and stepwise scans, can be more than 320°. This scheme is totally immune to intensity fluctuation and allows to engage the conventional phase-shifting imaging. It is especially suitable for real-time configuration control of 2D and 3D optical lattice potentials to study the tunneling and transport effects on cold atomic samples.
We developed a high resolution Michelson interferometer with a two-frequency He-Ne laser positioning system in order to stabilize the relative phase of a pulse pair. The control resolution corresponded to a 12 as time resolution or a phase of 1.5 degrees at 900 nm. This high resolution Michelson interferometer can generate a phase-locked pulse pair either with a specific relative phase such as 0 or pi radians or with an arbitrary phase. Coherent control of an InAs self-assembled quantum dot was demonstrated using the high resolution Michelson interferometer with a microspectroscopy system.
Abstract We report on a novel phase-locking technique for fiber-based Mach–Zehnder interferometers based on discrete single-photon detections, and demonstrate this in a setup. Our interferometer decodes relative-phase-encoded optical pulse pairs for quantum key distribution applications and requires no locking laser in addition to the weak received signal. Our new simple locking scheme is shown to produce an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck dynamic and achieve optimal phase noise for a given count rate. In case of wavelength drifts that arise during the reception of Doppler-shifted satellite signals, the arm-length difference gets continuously readjusted to keep the interferometer phase stable.
Abstract We demonstrate laser interferometry based on phase difference between the two arms of an interferometer. The experiments are done with a Cs atomic vapor cell at room temperature and use atomic coherence. The interference can be tuned from constructive to destructive by tuning the relative phase between the two arms. It is similar to the Michelson interferometer, but differs in the important aspect of allowing interference when the polarizations in the two arms are orthogonal. This would be a novel method for interfering two independent lasers, which can even allow interfering two independent lasers of completely different wavelengths.
A single-photon interferometer is a fundamental element in quantum information science. In most previously reported works, single-photon interferometers use an active feedback locking system to stabilize the relative phase between two arms of the interferometer. Here, we use a pair of beam displacers to construct a passively stable single-photon interferometer. The relative phase stabilization between the two arms is achieved by stabilizing the temperature of the beam displacers. A purely polarized single-photon-level pulse is directed into the interferometer input port. By analyzing and measuring the polarization states of the single-photon pulse at the output port, the achieved polarization fidelity of the interferometer is about 99.1±0.1%. Our passively stabilized single-photon interferometer provides a key element for generating high-fidelity entanglement between a photon and atomic memory.