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Journal of Modern Optics

Transmission of classical information via quantum entanglement

L. C. Kwek, Yong Liu, C. H. Oh, Xiang‐Bin Wang

Published Oct 1, 2001• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It has been shown that entanglement can improve transmission of classical information in a two-Pauli channel but not in a depolarizing channel. In this letter, we propose a modified channel that can straddle between the two-Pauli channel and the depolarizing channel and analyse the efficiency of transmission of classical states using mutual information. Our modified channel provides a natural mechanism for accounting for the difference in behaviour through these different channels.

DOI
10.1080/09500340108240884

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It has been shown that entanglement can improve transmission of classical information in a two-Pauli channel but not in a depolarizing channel. In this letter, we propose a modified channel that can straddle between the two-Pauli channel and the depolarizing channel and analyse the efficiency of transmission of classical states using mutual information. Our modified channel provides a natural mechanism for accounting for the difference in behaviour through these different channels.
The amount of classical information that is reliably transmitted over two uses of general Pauli channels with memory, modeled as a correlated noise between a single pair of uses, is investigated. The maximum of the mutual information between the input and the output is proven to be achieved by a class of product states that is explicitly given in terms of the relevant channel parameters below some memory threshold, and by maximally entangled states above this threshold. In particular, this proves a conjecture on the depolarizing channel by Macchiavello and Palma [Phys. Rev. A 65, 050301(R) (2002)]. Furthermore, it also shows that no other scenario can occur for Pauli channels as for example the existence of an intermediate optimal degree of entanglement reported for some Gaussian channels with memory.
Entanglement and entanglement-assisted are useful resources to enhance the mutual information of the Pauli channels, when the noise on consecutive uses of the channel has some partial correlations. In this paper, We study quantum communication channels with correlated noise and derive a general expression for the mutual information of quantum channel, for the product, maximally entangled state coding and entanglement-assisted systems with correlated noise in the Pauli quantum channels. Hence, we suggest more efficient coding in the entanglement-assisted systems for the transmission of classical information and derive a general expression for the entanglement-assisted classical capacity. Our results show that in the presence of memory, a higher amount of classical information is transmitted by two or four consecutive uses of entanglement-assisted systems.
A general formula for the mutual information of the Pauli channels with memory modelled by correlated noise is derived. It is shown that the mutual information depends on the channel shrinking factor, the input state parameter and the channel memory coefficient. The analyses based on the general formula reveal that the entanglement is always a useful resource to enhance the mutual information of some Pauli channels, such as the bit flip channel and the bit-phase flip channel. Our analyses also show that the entanglement is not advantageous to the reliable transmission of classical information for some Pauli channels at any time, such as the phase flip channel and the phase damping channel.
We experimentally demonstrate the achievement of the entanglement-assisted capacity for classical information transmission over a depolarizing channel. The implementation is based on the generation and local manipulation of two-qubit Bell states, which are finally measured at the receiver by realizing projective measurements in the Bell basis. The depolarizing channel is realized by introducing quantum noise in a controlled way on one of the two qubits. This work represents an investigation into the amount of information that can be shared in the presence of noise.