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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters

Atomic recoil effects in slow light propagation

Iacopo Carusotto, M. Artoni, G. C. La Rocca

Published Sep 1, 2000• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We theoretically investigate the effect of atomic recoil on the propagation of ultraslow light pulses through a coherently driven Bose-Einstein condensed gas. For a sample at rest, the group velocity of the light pulse is the sum of the group velocity that one would observe in the absence of mechanical effects (infinite mass limit) and the velocity of the recoiling atoms (light-dragging effect). We predict that atomic recoil may give rise to a lower bound for the observable group velocities, as well as to pulse propagation at negative group velocities without appreciable absorption.

DOI
10.1134/1.1328439

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We theoretically investigate the effect of atomic recoil on the propagation of ultraslow light pulses through a coherently driven Bose-Einstein condensed gas. For a sample at rest, the group velocity of the light pulse is the sum of the group velocity that one would observe in the absence of mechanical effects (infinite mass limit) and the velocity of the recoiling atoms (light-dragging effect). We predict that atomic recoil may give rise to a lower bound for the observable group velocities, as well as to pulse propagation at negative group velocities without appreciable absorption.
Light can be slowed down to ultraslow speeds v ia electromagnetically induced transparency in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. This is thought to be useful for storage of quantum information for weak probe pulses. We investigate the effects of inhomogeneous density profile of the condensate on propagation of such ultraslow pulses. We find that spatial density of an atomic condensate leads to a graded refractive index profile, for an off-resonant probe pulse when condensate parameters are suitably chosen. Within the window of negligible absorption, conditions for degenerate multiple waveguide modes are determined. Both analytical and numerical studies are presented to reveal the effects of experimentally controllable parameters, such as temperature and interatomic interaction strength on the number of modes. Group velocity dispersion and modal dispersion are discussed. The effect of waveguide dispersion, in addition to usual material dispersion, on ultraslow pulses is pointed out.
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We investigate the propagation of ultraslow optical pulse in atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in a harmonic trap decorated with a dimple potential.The role of dimple potential on the group velocity and time delay is studied.Since we consider the interatomic scattering interactions, nonlinear Schrödinger equation or the Gross-Pitaevskii equation is used in order to get the density profile of the atomic system.We find large group delays of order 1 ms in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in a harmonic trap with a deep dimple potential.
We studied experimentally the influence of thermal atomic motion on light propagation in a vacuum atomic vapour cell above room temperature. We found that atomic motion introduces sizable changes in the spectral properties of the medium, such as dispersion and absorption, if the conditions for coherent population trapping are fulfilled. In particular, studying the group delay of light in the atomic vapour, we confirm the theoretical predictions of Kocharovskaya et al. (2001, Phys. Rev. Lett., 86, 628) and demonstrate that a coherent atomic medium has light dragging abilities large enough to make feasible the realization of frozen light based on atomic motion. We also demonstrate that dragging can be observed in measurements of the electromagnetically induced transparency resonance width, as well as in group delay measurements.
This paper studies theoretically the ultraslow light phenomenon in Bose-Einstein condensates of alkali-metal atoms. The description is based on the linear approach that is developed in the framework of the Green function formalism. It is pointed out that the group velocity of light pulses that are tuned up close to resonant lines of the alkali atoms' spectrum may strongly depend on the intensity of the external static magnetic field. The possibility of filtering optical pulses using the ultraslow light phenomenon in Bose condensates is discussed.