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Modern Physics Letters B

SQUEEZING AND SOME OTHER CHARACTERISTICS OF TIME-DEPENDENT HARMONIC OSCILLATOR WITH VARIABLE MASS

Amitabh Joshi, S. V. Lawande

Published Jun 30, 1994• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper we investigate the time evolution of a general time-dependent harmonic oscillator (TDHO) with variable mass using Feynman path integral approach. We explicitly evaluate the squeezing in the quadrature components of a general quantum TDHO with variable mass. This calculation is further elaborated for three particular cases of variable mass whose propagator can be written in a closed form. We also obtain an exact form of the time-evolution operator, the wave function, and the time-dependent coherent state for the TDHO. Our results clearly indicate that the time-dependent coherent state is equivalent to the squeezed coherent state.

DOI
10.1142/s0217984994000923

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In this paper we investigate the time evolution of a general time-dependent harmonic oscillator (TDHO) with variable mass using Feynman path integral approach. We explicitly evaluate the squeezing in the quadrature components of a general quantum TDHO with variable mass. This calculation is further elaborated for three particular cases of variable mass whose propagator can be written in a closed form. We also obtain an exact form of the time-evolution operator, the wave function, and the time-dependent coherent state for the TDHO. Our results clearly indicate that the time-dependent coherent state is equivalent to the squeezed coherent state.
The exact solutions to the time-dependent Schrodinger equation for a harmonic oscillator with time-dependent mass and frequency were derived in a general form. The quantum mechanical propagator was calculated by the Feynman path integral method, while the wave function was derived from the spectral representation of the obtained propagator. It was shown that the propagator and the wave function depended on the s solution of a classical oscillator, in which the amplitude and phase satisfied the auxiliary equations. To demonstrate the derivation of the solution from our auxiliary equations, exponential and periodic functions of mass with constant frequency were imposed to evaluate the propagator and wave function for the Caldirola-Kanai and pulsating mass oscillators, respectively.
The authors study the evolution of SU(1,1) coherent states, which may represent squeezed vacuum states, in harmonic oscillators with time-dependent masses. Such oscillators may model a quantised electromagnetic field in a cavity where the field changes with time under the action of some reservoir. They consider three types of variable mass: a decaying mass, a pulsating mass, and a mass with damping and pulsation. They have found that in the most interesting cases involving pulsation, a high degree of squeezing (enhanced squeezing) may be obtained in the vicinity of the resonance where the pulsation frequency is twice the natural oscillator frequency.
For investigating dynamic evolution of a mass-varying harmonic oscillator we constitute a ket-bra integration operator in coherent state representation and then perform this integral by virtue of the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators. The normally ordered time evolution operator is thus obtained. We then derive the Wigner function of u(t)|n⟩, where |n⟩ is a Fock state, which exhibits a generalized squeezing, the squeezing effect is related to the varying mass with time.
A quantum system described by a two-dimensional harmonic oscillator with a varying mass parameter plus the projection of the angular momentum in the z direction with a time-dependent mode coupling constant is considered to study the two-mode squeezing and photon generation phenomena. For some specific time dependences of the oscillator mass and an arbitrary function of time for the coupling constant exact results on the time evolution of the density matrix and the Wigner function are presented. An analytical expression of the photon distribution is obtained explicitly in terms of Hermite polynomials of two variables, and it shows the effect of oscillations characteristic of squeezing and correlation of the photon quadratures.