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Optics Express

All-optical electromagnetically induced transparency using one-dimensional coupled microcavities

Ahmer Naweed, David Goldberg, Vinod M. Menon

Published Jul 25, 2014• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the first experimental realization of all-optical electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) via a pair of coherently interacting SiO2 microcavities in a one-dimensional SiO2/Si3N4 photonic crystal consisting of a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR). The electromagnetic interactions between the coupled microcavities (CMCs), which possess distinct Q-factors, are controlled by varying the number of embedded SiO2/Si3N4 bilayers in the coupling DBR. In case of weak microcavity interactions, the reflectivity spectrum reveals an all-optical EIT resonance which splits into an Autler-Townes-like resonance under condition of strong microcavity coupling. Our results open up the way for implementing optical analogs of quantum coherence in much simpler one-dimensional structures. We also discuss potential applications of CMCs.

DOI
10.1364/oe.22.018818

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We report the first experimental realization of all-optical electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) via a pair of coherently interacting SiO2 microcavities in a one-dimensional SiO2/Si3N4 photonic crystal consisting of a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR). The electromagnetic interactions between the coupled microcavities (CMCs), which possess distinct Q-factors, are controlled by varying the number of embedded SiO2/Si3N4 bilayers in the coupling DBR. In case of weak microcavity interactions, the reflectivity spectrum reveals an all-optical EIT resonance which splits into an Autler-Townes-like resonance under condition of strong microcavity coupling. Our results open up the way for implementing optical analogs of quantum coherence in much simpler one-dimensional structures. We also discuss potential applications of CMCs.
All-optical analogs of electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) are important for light storage, sensing, and optical communication. Here, we report results of a computational study focusing on the EIA and EIT characteristics of triple-microcavity hosting one-dimensional photonic crystals (PHCs). In contrast to previous experimental investigation of dual PHC cavities, realization EIA and EIT in the triple-cavity PHC is not restricted to reflection and transmission, respectively. In addition, the dispersive response of the triple-cavity is also distinct since EIA in the triple-cavity may lead to the generation of both sub- and superluminal light pulses. Furthermore, the dispersion of the system at either output may be reversed by altering the distribution of the coupled light among the three cavities. Finally, we discuss the experimental implementation of these features based on a single monolithic PHC and show tuning of the EIA and EIT phenomenon over a broad spectral range by using strain-tunable polymer-based PHC microcavities. Among others, these findings are advantageous for realizing ultra-narrow bandwidth optical filters, all-optical switching, temporal control of cavity quantum electrodynamics effects, and on-chip dispersion control.
Abstract An all‐optical control scheme of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) based on two coupled silica microbottle cavities coated with iron oxide nanoparticles is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The specially designed and fabricated silica microbottle cavity with a short and spherical end, which is coated with iron oxide nanoparticles, possesses a quality ( Q ) factor of 1.39×10 8 and large all‐optical tunability in a range of 282.32 GHz (2.25 nm) arising from the strong photothermal effect of the nanoparticles. Based on two coupled silica microbottle cavities, we achieve the EIT spectrum with a transparency window bandwidth of 2.3 MHz. The transparency window can be flexibly controlled by tuning the resonant frequency of the higher‐ Q microcavity. Besides, by tuning the resonant frequencies of the two microcavities separately, the whole EIT spectrum can be shifted with a range of 71.52 GHz, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time. Based on this scheme, we have realized all‐optical and independent control of the transparency window and the whole EIT spectrum. We believe this work has great potential in applications such as light storage, optical sensing, and quantum optics.
Abstract Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a quantum interference effect arising from different transition pathways of optical fields. Within the transparency window, both absorption and dispersion properties strongly change, which results in extensive applications such as slow light and optical storage. Due to the ultrahigh quality factors, massive production on a chip and convenient all‐optical control, optical microcavities provide an ideal platform for realizing EIT. Here we review the principle and recent development of EIT in optical microcavities. We focus on the following three situations. First, for a coupled‐cavity system, all‐optical EIT appears when the optical modes in different cavities couple to each other. Second, in a single microcavity, all‐optical EIT is created when interference happens between two optical modes. Moreover, the mechanical oscillation of the microcavity leads to optomechanically induced transparency. Then the applications of EIT effect in microcavity systems are discussed, including light delay and storage, sensing, and field enhancement. A summary is then given in the final part of the paper.
In this paper, the analog to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the double-coupled one-dimensional photonic crystal cavities are proposed and experimentally observed. This EIT-like effect is due to the interference of two resonance modes and the leaky propagation mode. A nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) comb drive is used to align the two resonant wavelengths up, which is first used in the studies of the EIT-like effect. The fabrication of the device bases on the standard semiconductor process. Finally, the evolution of the EIT-like transmission spectrum with the applied voltages is shown in the last part of this paper.