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Chinese Optics Letters

Fully phase color image encryption based on joint fractional Fourier transform correlator and phase retrieval algorithm

鲁丁 Ding Lu, 金伟民 Weimin Jin

Published Jan 1, 2011• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A novel fully phase color image encryption/decryption scheme based on joint fractional Fourier transform correlator (JFRTC) and phase retrieval algorithm (PRA) is proposed. The security of the system is enhanced by the fractional order as a new added key. This method takes full advantage of the parallel processing features of the optical system and could optically realize single-channel color image encryption. The system and operation procedures are simplified. The simulation results of a color image indicate that the new method provides efficient solutions with a strong sense of security.

DOI
10.3788/col20110902.021002

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A novel fully phase color image encryption/decryption scheme based on joint fractional Fourier transform correlator (JFRTC) and phase retrieval algorithm (PRA) is proposed. The security of the system is enhanced by the fractional order as a new added key. This method takes full advantage of the parallel processing features of the optical system and could optically realize single-channel color image encryption. The system and operation procedures are simplified. The simulation results of a color image indicate that the new method provides efficient solutions with a strong sense of security.
A novel fully phase color image encryption/decryption scheme based on joint fractional Fourier transform correlator (JFRTC) and phase retrieval algorithm (PRA) is proposed.The security of the system is enhanced by the fractional order as a new added key.This method takes full advantage of the parallel processing features of the optical system and could optically realize single-channel color image encryption.The system and operation procedures are simplified.The simulation results of a color image indicate that the new method provides efficient solutions with a strong sense of security.
A new optical security system for image encryption based on a fractional joint transform correlator and nonlinear filtering is proposed.The position of the lens in the proposed optical encryption setup can be chosen, so that an additional key is introduced in the security system.The distributions at the input and output planes of the encryption system are related by a fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) at a given fractional order that is defined, among other parameters, by the focal length and the position of the lens in the setup; this fractional order acts as an additional key of the security system.The optical intensity of the complex distribution in the fractional Fourier domain (output plane) is captured by a CCD camera.The nonlinearity introduced in the last step of the encryption process, maintains the encrypted function as a real-valued function.The security system proposed in this work is an generalization of the encryption system based on a conventional joint transform correlator (JTC), from the Fourier domain to the fractional Fourier domain.Additional advantages of the proposed system are: new degrees of freedom for the optical setup, alleviated alignment requirement, and the introduction of an additional key (the fractional order of the FrFT) that improves security.Numerical simulations verify the validity of this new optical security system.
Joint-transform correlator (JTC) architecture presents some advantages, such as no requirement of interferometric recording of the phase distribution or complex conjugation of the key phase mask, in order to optically implement the well-known double random phase encryption (DRPE) method. In addition, a practical optical realization was proposed in a way that the whole information (primary image and two random phase masks) was easily introduced in the same input plane of the JTC system. However, poor image quality was obtained in the decryption stage. Cryptanalysis of JTC-based encryption systems demonstrated that they were vulnerable to certain intruder attacks, similarly to the original DRPE method. In this work, we review recent modifications of encryption algorithms based on JTC architecture that permit, on the one hand, to significantly increase the quality of the retrieved image after information decryption, and on the other hand, to achieve a high security level against a variety of system attacks. The modifications, which were firstly introduced in the Fourier-based JTC system, have been also adapted to be used in the Fresnel and Fractional Fourier domains as well as in the Gyrator domain. Nonlinear operations have been also introduced in multifactor encryption-authentication.
A novel optical image encryption system is proposed using password key based on phase retrieval algorithm (PRA). In the encryption process, a shared image is taken as a symmetric key and the plaintext is encoded into the phase-only mask based on the iterative PRA. The linear relationship between the plaintext and ciphertext is broken using the password key, which can resist the known plaintext attack. The symmetric key and the retrieved phase are imported into the input plane and Fourier plane of 4f system during the decryption, respectively, so as to obtain the plaintext on the CCD. Finally, we analyse the key space of the password key, and the results show that the proposed scheme can resist a brute force attack due to the flexibility of the password key.
In this paper, we demonstrate a security system by using optical interference and phase retrieval algorithm (PRA) techniques. The modified PRA is proposed to encode the target image into random phase distribution. Optical and digital methods can be used for decryption. By using this method, silhouette elimination is realized. In addition, due to this simplified system design, the iterative rate is improved and the optical decryption realization is easier. Validity and performance of the proposed system are demonstrated by means of numerical simulations. The system encryption capacity as to both binary and gray images is numerically investigated. Then, the decryption procedure is demonstrated by optical experiment means and the decryption result is given.
An advanced iterative phase retrieval algorithm is applied to perform a ciphertext-only attack on the fractional Fourier transform-based double random phase encryption system. With the given complex amplitude of ciphertext and definite support of the object image, the original object image can be recovered by estimating the energy of support area in the recovered image. The encryption system can be attacked by analyzing the sensibility of fractional Fourier transform order keys and evaluating the energy of the object image support area. The proposed algorithm can obtain encrypted fractional order and retrieve two random phase keys. Numerical results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed attacking method.