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Optics Express

Quantum key distribution at 1550 nm using a pulse heralded single photon source

Alexandre Soujaeff, Tsuyoshi Nishioka, Toshio Hasegawa, Shigeki Takeuchi, Toyohiro Tsurumaru, Keiji Sasaki, Mitsuru Matsui

Published Jan 22, 2007• 51 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum key distribution with pulsed heralded single photon source was performed over 40 km of fiber for the first time to our knowledge. QBER was measured to be 4.23% suggesting security against unconditional attack.
DOI
10.1364/oe.15.000726

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Secure long distance communication over optical fibres requires robust data encryption. While the encryption itself can be conducted using classical algorithms, there is no unconditionally secure method of classical key distribution. Quantum key distribution (QKD), on the other hand, can provide users of the optical networks with unconditionally secure keys. Since QKD is based on single-photon transmission, one of the challenging tasks is to overcome the distance limitation imposed by the losses in optical fibres. In this work we show that single-photon based QKD outperforms the industry-standard weak coherent pulse approach. We also present our recent experimental results on building a heralded single-photon source based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion of CW light and discuss problems and challenges of heralded single-photon generation in the CW regime.
High-speed single-photon detectors are crucial for efficiently performing quantum key distribution. We demonstrate fiber-optic quantum key distribution at 1550 nm using single-photon detectors operating at 10 MHz. Discharge pulse counting is adopted for single-photon detection in order to suppress after-pulse generation. Furthermore, by setting a dead time in single-photon detection, we discard after-pulses to reduce the number of bit errors in the quantum key distribution. Using discharge pulse counting and after-pulse discarding in the quantum key distribution, we can achieve a key rate of 45 kHz with a bit-error rate of 2%. The fiber length is 10.5 km.