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Optics and Spectroscopy

Coherent control of the quasi-elastic resonant secondary emission: Semiconductor quantum dots

Федоров Анатолий Валентинович, Alexander V. Baranov, Yasuaki Masumoto

Published May 1, 2002• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A detailed theoretical study of the time-integrated signal of spontaneous quasi-elastic secondary emission excited by a pair of phase-locked pulses has shown that coherent control is a promising method for measuring the total dephasing rate of a resonant optical transition. This method may be used to study both the homogeneously and inhomogeneously broadened systems, which is highly important in studies of semiconductor quantum dots. Analysis of components of the secondary emission in the framework of the developed theory has allowed us to find a physically justified criterion for separating the scattering and luminescence signals. The role of spectral filtering of the measured signal in determination of the phase and energy relaxation parameters is elucidated.

DOI
10.1134/1.1481140

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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Jun 5, 2002•0 citations
A detailed theoretical study of the time-integrated signal of spontaneous quasi-elastic secondary emission excited by a pair of phase-locked pulses has shown that coherent control is a promising method for measuring the total dephasing rate of a resonant optical transition. This method may be used to study both the homogeneously and inhomogeneously broadened systems, which is highly important in studies of semiconductor quantum dots. Analysis of components of the secondary emission in the framework of the developed theory has allowed us to find a physically justified criterion for separating the scattering and luminescence signals. The role of spectral filtering of the measured signal in determination of the phase and energy relaxation parameters is elucidated.
A new optical effect, the coherent control of spontaneous secondary emission with the participation of optical phonons in systems with discrete spectra of electronic transitions, is studied theoretically. Analytical formulas are obtained that describe the time-integrated signals of secondary emission excited resonantly by a pair of phase-locked pulses in the homogeneously and inhomogeneously broadened systems of semiconductor quantum dots. It is shown that coherent control is a promising method for measuring the total dephasing rates of a resonance optical transition. A physically justified criterion for discriminating between scattering and luminescence in the secondary emission is found. The role of spectral filtering of the signal in the measurements of phase and energy relaxation parameters is elucidated.
A theoretical study of the time-integrated signal of thermalized luminescence excited by a pair of phase-locked light pulses shows that the idea of coherent control should be efficient for measuring the total dephasing rates of high-energy excitonic transitions. This approach can be used for studying both the homogeneously and inhomogeneously broadened systems, which is highly important in studies of the semiconductor quantum dots. It is found that the method of coherent control makes it possible not only to obtain information about the relaxation constants but also to make conclusions about the statistical properties of frequency distributions of the excitonic transitions responsible for broadening the optical spectra.
We have investigated the manipulation of the phase and amplitude of the state of a three-level exciton system by excitation with pairs of phase-locked optical pulses. We demonstrate coherent control over the phase of quantum beating between the light- and heavy-hole excitons which are the components of the system. The state of the system is monitored by time-resolved detection of the resonant secondary emission coupled out of the system in non-phase-matched directions by virtue of the static disorder. We show that the amplitude of the coherent manipulation must diminish as a function of time delay between the components of the pulse pair in a way which takes into account both the dephasing of the excitons and their unphasing which arises from inhomogeneous broadening.
Temporal coherent control experiment have been performed on semiconductor quantum well structures, using a sequence of polarized excitation pulses. The oscillatory behaviour of the populations, spin and alignment of the exciton states are observed through the time resolved secondary emission when the time separation between the two excitation pulses is varied. We show that, in specular detection direction, for bare quantum wells at 10 K and low exciton densities, the oscillations amplitude decay is determined by the exciton inhomogeneous broadening. In non-specular detection directions however, when the SE is dominated by resonant Rayleigh scattering, the decay is longer and becomes temperature dependent, which strongly supports that it is now determined by the exciton dephasing time.
A new method to measure the time-dependent coherence of both homogeneously and inhomogeneously broadened optical excitations in solids is presented. The coherence degree of resonantly excited light emission is deduced from the intensity fluctuations over the emission directions (speckles). This method determines the decays of intensity and coherence separately, thus distinguishing lifetime from pure dephasing. The secondary emission of excitons in semiconductor quantum wells is investigated. Here the combination of static disorder and inelastic scattering leads to a partially coherent emission. The temperature dependence is well explained by phonon scattering.
A new method to measure the coherence of inhomogeneously broadened optical excitations in semiconductor nanostructures is presented. The secondary emission of excitons in semiconductor quantum wells is investigated. The spectrally-resolved coherence degree of resonantly-excited light emission is deduced from the intensity fluctuations over the emission directions (speckles). The spectral correlations of the speckles give direct access to the homogeneous line width as function of spectral position within the inhomogeneously broadened ensemble. The combination of static disorder and phonon scattering leads to a partially coherent emission. The temperature dependence of the homogeneous line width is well explained by phonon scattering.