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Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials

NONLINEAR OPTICAL PROCESSES PRODUCING THREE-FOLD ENTANGLEMENTS VIA χ(2) AND χ(3) MATERIAL

Ajung Kim

Published Mar 1, 2005• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It is demonstrated that three-fold entangled states could lead to photon duplication as well as measurement of photon numbers of the first kind. Nonlinear optical schemes using χ(2) and χ(3) material for realizing such systems are suggested. Weak input power signals and fast response photodetectors are required for ideal operations. A criterion of incorrect operation of photon number cloning is also introduced and the operations of these realizations are studied for high-speed photodetectors and coherent state input field.

DOI
10.1142/s0218863505002517

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It is demonstrated that three-fold entangled states could lead to photon duplication as well as measurement of photon numbers of the first kind. Nonlinear optical schemes using χ(2) and χ(3) material for realizing such systems are suggested. Weak input power signals and fast response photodetectors are required for ideal operations. A criterion of incorrect operation of photon number cloning is also introduced and the operations of these realizations are studied for high-speed photodetectors and coherent state input field.
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We propose a scheme for generating entangled states of light fields. This scheme only requires the cross-Kerr nonlinear interaction between coherent light beams, followed by a homodyne detection. Therefore, this scheme is within the reach of current technology. We study in detail the generation of the entangled states between two modes, and that among three modes. In addition to the Bell states between two modes and the W states among three modes, we find plentiful new kinds of entangled states. Finally, the scheme can be extended to generate the entangled states among more than three modes.
Entanglement represents an important resource for quantum information processing, but its generation itself requires physical resources that are limited. We propose a scheme for generating a wide class of entangled qudit-type states of optical field modes at sites separated by noisy medium when only weak optical nonlinearities are available at both sites. The protocol is also based on exploiting a weak probe field, transmitted between the sites and used for generation of quantum correlations between two spatially separated field modes. The idea of probabilistic entanglement enhancement by measurement is discussed and a corresponding scheme for measuring the probe field state with linear optics and photodetectors not resolving photon numbers is proposed. It is shown that the protocol is applicable in the case when limited efficiency and dark counts of photodetectors, decoherence, and uncertainty of nonlinear coupling constants are present.