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Physical Review B

All-optical Kerr modulator based on a carbon nanotube resonator

Jinjin Li, Wei Jian He, Ka-Di Zhu

Published Mar 28, 2011• 25 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A scheme for an all-optical Kerr modulator based on a carbon nanotube resonator is proposed. Theoretical analysis has shown that the enhanced optical Kerr effect can be modulated instantaneously while tuning the intensity of the control field. This control laser, like a modulator, dramatically controls the magnitude of the optical Kerr effect in the carbon nanotube. We attribute this tunable optical Kerr effect to the vibration of carbon nanotube, which makes a contribution to additional auxiliary energy levels so that the optical Kerr effect can be realized. Using this optical Kerr modulator, we also provide a method to measure the vibrational frequency of the carbon nanotube in an all-optical domain.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.83.115445

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A scheme for an all-optical Kerr modulator based on a carbon nanotube resonator is proposed. Theoretical analysis has shown that the enhanced optical Kerr effect can be modulated instantaneously while tuning the intensity of the control field. This control laser, like a modulator, dramatically controls the magnitude of the optical Kerr effect in the carbon nanotube. We attribute this tunable optical Kerr effect to the vibration of carbon nanotube, which makes a contribution to additional auxiliary energy levels so that the optical Kerr effect can be realized. Using this optical Kerr modulator, we also provide a method to measure the vibrational frequency of the carbon nanotube in an all-optical domain.
We have theoretically demonstrated the large enhancement of the optical Kerr effect in a scheme of a nanomechanical resonator coupled to a quantum dot and shown that this phenomenon can be used to realize a fast optical Kerr switch by turning the control field on or off. Due to the vibration of the nanoresonator, as we pump on the strong control beam, the optical spectrum shows that the magnitude of this optical Kerr effect is proportional to the intensity of the control field. In this case, a fast and tunable optical Kerr switch can be implemented easily by an intensity-adjustable laser. Based on this tunable optical Kerr switch, we also provide a detection method to measure the frequency of the nanomechanical resonator in this coupled system.
We report a tunable slow and fast light device based on a carbon nanotube resonator, in the presence of a strong pump laser and a weak signal laser. Detailed analysis shows that the signal laser displays the superluminal and ultraslow light characteristics via passing through a suspended carbon nanotube resonator, while the incident pump laser is on- and off-resonant with the exciton frequency, respectively. In particular, the fast and slow light correspond to the negative and positive dispersion, respectively, associating with the vanished absorption. The bandwidth of the signal spectrum is determined by the vibration decay rate of carbon nanotube.
We investigate the nonlinear interaction between two weak optical fields in carbon nanotube quantum dots based on electromagnetically induced transparency and spin-orbit coupling. Our results show, owing to the energy differences produced by strong spin-orbit coupling, that a giant cross-Kerr nonlinearity can be achieved with group-velocity matching, while the probe- and signal-fields absorptions are suppressed simultaneously. We demonstrate that such enhanced nonlinear optical effects can be employed to implement controlled-phase gate between pairs of single-photon pulses with high fidelity and to generate entanglement of coherent Schr\"odinger-cat states.
We theoretically present a flexible method to obtain dual-channel optical bistability (OB) in a coupled system consisting of a metallic nanoshell (MNS) and a carbon nanotube (CNT) nanomechanical resonator (NR) beyond the dipole approximation. The MNS is made of a metallic core and a dielectric shell. The results show that, the four-wave mixing signal is suppressed significantly due to multipole polarizations in comparison to that in the dipole approximation. Also, the four-wave mixing signal can be enhanced greatly with the exciton-phonon coupling strength g increasing. Especially, bistability phase diagrams plotted show that, for a given shell thickness, it is realizable to achieve one (or two) bistable region(s) by adjusting the pumping intensity (or the MNS-NR distance). In a strong exciton-plasmon coupling regime, OB can be switched from single-channel to dual-channel by only changing the dielectric shell thickness or the metallic core radius. This indicates that the system proposed can behave as a channel-tunable bistable switch. Our findings may have potential applications in various domains such as quantum communication and optical functional devices.
We theoretically investigate steady-state behaviors of carbon nanotube quantum dots with spin-orbit coupling in a unidirectional ring cavity. Our results show that the spin-orbit coupling can induce optical bistability. In addition to the existence of spin-orbit coupling, switching optical bistability to optical multistability or vice versa is realized by adjusting detuning of the probe field. Our results show that the carbon nanotube quantum dots will possibly be a promising candidate for realizing all-optical switching.
Abstract Performance improvements are expected from integration of photonic devices into information processing systems, and in particular, all-optical memories provide a key functionality. Scaling down the size of memory elements is desirable for high-density integration, and the use of nanomaterials would allow for devices that are significantly smaller than the operation wavelengths. Here we report on all-optical memory based on individual carbon nanotubes, where adsorbed molecules give rise to optical bistability. By exciting at the high-energy tail of the excitonic absorption resonance, nanotubes can be switched between the desorbed state and the adsorbed state. We demonstrate reversible and reproducible operation of the nanotube optical memory, and determine the rewriting speed by measuring the molecular adsorption and desorption times. Our results underscore the impact of molecular-scale effects on optical properties of nanomaterials, offering new design strategies for photonic devices that are a few orders of magnitude smaller than the optical diffraction limit.