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physica status solidi (b)

Tunneling spectroscopy of quantum wires: Spin‐charge separation and localization

Amir Yacoby, Ophir M. Auslaender, Hadar Steinberg, Yaroslav Tserkovnyak, Bertrand I. Halperin, K. W. Baldwin, Loren N. Pfeiffer, K. W. West

Published Nov 1, 2006• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Using a double wire geometry we probe the quantum many‐body modes in ballistic wires and their dependence on Coulomb interactions. The wires are fabricated using the cleaved edge overgrowth method. We clearly observe two spin modes and one charge mode of the coupled wires. We map the dispersion velocities of the modes down to a critical density at which spontaneous localization is observed. Theoretical calculations of the charge velocity agree well with the data, although they also predict an additional charge mode that is not observed. Surprisingly, the suppression of the spin velocities does not depend on density. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

DOI
10.1002/pssb.200642223

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Abstract Using a double wire geometry we probe the quantum many‐body modes in ballistic wires and their dependence on Coulomb interactions. The wires are fabricated using the cleaved edge overgrowth method. We clearly observe two spin modes and one charge mode of the coupled wires. We map the dispersion velocities of the modes down to a critical density at which spontaneous localization is observed. Theoretical calculations of the charge velocity agree well with the data, although they also predict an additional charge mode that is not observed. Surprisingly, the suppression of the spin velocities does not depend on density. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
We report on measurements of quantum many-body modes in ballistic wires and their dependence on Coulomb interactions, obtained by tunneling between two parallel wires in an GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure while varying electron density. We observed two spin modes and one charge mode of the coupled wires and mapped the dispersion velocities of the modes down to a critical density, at which spontaneous localization was observed. Theoretical calculations of the charge velocity agree well with the data, although they also predict an additional charge mode that was not observed. The measured spin velocity was smaller than theoretically predicted.
We study tunneling between two nearby cleaved edge quantum wires in a perpendicular magnetic field. Due to Coulomb forces between electrons, the wires form a strongly-interacting pair of Luttinger liquids. We calculate the low-temperature differential tunneling conductance, in which singular features map out the dispersion relations of the fractionalized quasiparticles of the system. The velocities of several such spin-charge separated excitations can be explicitly observed. Moreover, the proposed measurement directly demonstrates the splintering of the tunneling electrons into a multi-particle continuum of these quasiparticles, carrying separately charge from spin. A variety of corrections to the simple Luttinger model are also discussed.
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Abstract The calculation of the polarizability provides a method of calculating the collective‐modes excitation energies of an electronic system. However, the polarizability is a correlated quantity, thus demanding a major effort when Monte Carlo methods are used for its evaluation. Nevertheless, Quantum Monte Carlo results represent the benchmark in most many‐body physics. We applied a correlated Variational and Diffusion Monte Carlo scheme to a GaAs–AlGaAs quantum dot. Comparison with Raman scattering experiments and previous calculations is considerable. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)