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Physical Review Letters

Optical Pumping in Crystals

H. H. Theissing, P. J. Caplan, F. A. Dieter, Norman Rabbiner

Published Nov 15, 1959• 9 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.3.460

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The possibility of using stimulated emission to improve the optical pumping of Tm3+ ions embedded in Tm3+:YAG to the 3F4 level is explored. The oscillator strengths and the frequencies of the transitions between the ground crystal field level of 3H4 to the different crystal field levels of 3F4 are measured at low temperature. Stimulated emission measurements at 1461 nm are performed to evaluate the optical pumping efficiency. Application to the spectral tailoring of Tm3+:YAG for quantum information applications is discussed.
We have grown crystals of solid parahydrogen using a single closed-cycle cryostat. We have doped the crystals with rubidium atoms at densities on the order of 10^{17} cm^{-3} and used optical pumping to polarize the spin state of the implanted atoms. The optical spectrum of the rubidium atoms shows larger broadening than previous work in which the rubidium was implanted in solid argon or neon. However, the optical pumping behavior is significantly improved, with both a larger optical pumping signal and a longer longitudinal relaxation time. The spin relaxation time shows a strong dependence on orthohydrogen impurity levels in the crystal, as well as the applied magnetic field. Current performance is comparable to state-of-the-art solid state systems at comparable spin densities, with potential for improvement at higher parahydrogen purities.