Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films

Fabrication and measurement of one-dimensional arrays of small capacitance Josephson junctions

David B. Haviland, S. H. M. Persson, Per Delsing, C. D. Chen

Published May 1, 1996• 13 citations

Abstract

We describe the fabrication and measurement of one-dimensional series arrays of small capacitance Josephson junctions and superconducting quantum interference devices. These arrays exhibit a Coulomb blockade of Cooper pair tunneling when the Josephson coupling energy is the order of the charging energy. The effectiveness of a resistive coaxial cable (ThermocoaxTM made by Philips) for attenuation of high frequency electromagnetic noise is demonstrated. This noise influences the measured dc current–voltage characteristic of the array, having qualitatively the same effect as raising the temperature.

DOI: 10.1116/1.580346

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Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films

Fabrication and measurement of one-dimensional arrays of small capacitance Josephson junctions

David B. Haviland, S. H. M. Persson, Per Delsing, C. D. Chen

Published May 1, 1996• 13 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1116/1.580346

Related papers

Small-Capacitance Josephson Junctions: One-Dimensional Arrays and Single Junctions

道生渡部, David B. Haviland

We review experiments on small-capacitance Josephson junctions. When the Josephson junction is fabricated in the configuration of dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), the Josephson coupling can be tuned IN SITU with an external magnetic field. The electrical transport properties of one-dimensional arrays of small-capacitance dc SQUIDs have been investigated in order to study the superconductor-insulator transition. The arrays have also been used to bias a single Josephson junction, and a clear Coulomb blockade of Cooper-pair tunneling has been observed in the single junction.We review experiments on small-capacitance Josephson junctions. When the Josephson junction is fabricated in the configuration of dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), the Josephson coupling can be tuned IN SITU with an external magnetic field. The electrical transport properties of one-dimensional arrays of small-capacitance dc SQUIDs have been investigated in order to study the superconductor-insulator transition. The arrays have also been used to bias a single Josephson junction, and a clear Coulomb blockade of Cooper-pair tunneling has been observed in the single junction.

arXiv:cond-mat/0301340Jan 20, 20032 citations

Control of the electromagnetic environment for single Josephson junctions using arrays of dc SQUIDs

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We have measured the current–voltage characteristics of small-capacitance single Josephson junctions at low temperatures T ≤ 0.04 K, where the strength of the coupling between the single junction and the electromagnetic environment was controlled with one-dimensional arrays of dc SQUIDs. When the zero-bias resistance of the SQUID arrays is much higher than the quantum resistance h/e 2 ≈ 26 kΩ, a transition to a clear Coulomb blockade of Cooper-pair tunnelling is induced in the single junction. The measured blockade voltage agrees with the theoretical prediction.We have measured the current–voltage characteristics of small-capacitance single Josephson junctions at low temperatures T ≤ 0.04 K, where the strength of the coupling between the single junction and the electromagnetic environment was controlled with one-dimensional arrays of dc SQUIDs. When the zero-bias resistance of the SQUID arrays is much higher than the quantum resistance h/e 2 ≈ 26 kΩ, a transition to a clear Coulomb blockade of Cooper-pair tunnelling is induced in the single junction. The measured blockade voltage agrees with the theoretical prediction.

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We have measured the current-voltage $(I\ensuremath{-}V)$ characteristics of small-capacitance single Josephson junctions at low temperatures $(T=0.02--0.6\mathrm{K}),$ where the strength of the coupling between the single junction and the electromagnetic environment was controlled with one-dimensional arrays of dc superconducting quantum interence devices (SQUIDs). The single-junction $I\ensuremath{-}V$ curve is sensitive to the impedance of the environment, which can be tuned in situ. We have observed Coulomb blockade of Cooper-pair tunneling and even a region of negative differential resistance, where the zero-bias resistance ${R}_{0}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ of the SQUID arrays is much higher than the quantum resistance ${R}_{K}\ensuremath{\equiv}{h/e}^{2}\ensuremath{\approx}26\mathrm{k}\ensuremath{\Omega}.$ The negative differential resistance is evidence of the coherent single-Cooper-pair tunneling within the theory of current-biased single Josephson junctions. Based on this theory, we have calculated the $I\ensuremath{-}V$ curves numerically in order to compare then with the experimental ones at ${R}_{0}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{\gg}{R}_{K}.$ The numerical calculation agrees with the experiments qualitatively. We also discuss the ${R}_{0}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ dependence of the single-Josephson-junction $I\ensuremath{-}V$ curve in terms of the superconductor-insulator transition driven by changing the coupling to the environment.We have measured the current-voltage $(I\ensuremath{-}V)$ characteristics of small-capacitance single Josephson junctions at low temperatures $(T=0.02--0.6\mathrm{K}),$ where the strength of the coupling between the single junction and the electromagnetic environment was controlled with one-dimensional arrays of dc superconducting quantum interence devices (SQUIDs). The single-junction $I\ensuremath{-}V$ curve is sensitive to the impedance of the environment, which can be tuned in situ. We have observed Coulomb blockade of Cooper-pair tunneling and even a region of negative differential resistance, where the zero-bias resistance ${R}_{0}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ of the SQUID arrays is much higher than the quantum resistance ${R}_{K}\ensuremath{\equiv}{h/e}^{2}\ensuremath{\approx}26\mathrm{k}\ensuremath{\Omega}.$ The negative differential resistance is evidence of the coherent single-Cooper-pair tunneling within the theory of current-biased single Josephson junctions. Based on this theory, we have calculated the $I\ensuremath{-}V$ curves numerically in order to compare then with the experimental ones at ${R}_{0}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{\gg}{R}_{K}.$ The numerical calculation agrees with the experiments qualitatively. We also discuss the ${R}_{0}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ dependence of the single-Josephson-junction $I\ensuremath{-}V$ curve in terms of the superconductor-insulator transition driven by changing the coupling to the environment.

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Thermally activated conductance in arrays of small Josephson junctions

J. Zimmer, Nicolas Vogt, A. Fiebig +7 more

We present measurements of the temperature-dependent conductance for series arrays of small-capacitance superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). At low-bias voltages, the arrays exhibit a strong Coulomb blockade, which we study in detail as a function of temperature and Josephson energy ${E}_{J}$ . We find that the zero-bias conductance is dominated by a thermally activated hopping of Cooper pairs between neighboring superconductive islands with the activation energy of the order of $\ensuremath{\Lambda}{E}_{C}$, where $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ is the charge screening length in the array and ${E}_{C}$ is the charging energy of a single SQUID.We present measurements of the temperature-dependent conductance for series arrays of small-capacitance superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). At low-bias voltages, the arrays exhibit a strong Coulomb blockade, which we study in detail as a function of temperature and Josephson energy ${E}_{J}$. We find that the zero-bias conductance is dominated by a thermally activated hopping of Cooper pairs between neighboring superconductive islands with the activation energy of the order of $\ensuremath{\Lambda}{E}_{C}$, where $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ is the charge screening length in the array and ${E}_{C}$ is the charging energy of a single SQUID.

arXiv:1306.6304Physical Review BOct 16, 201313 citations

Photon-Assisted Cooper-Pair Tunneling and Microwave Power Renormalization in Small Josephson Junction Arrays

Godwill Mbiti Kanyolo, Kouichi Takeda, Yoshinao Mizugaki +2 more

The influence of radio frequency microwaves on the Coulomb blockade characteristics in small Josephson junctions was studied using a one-dimensional array of ten small Al tunnel junctions in the frequency range from 1 MHz to 1000 MHz. Coulomb blockade voltage ( $V_{\rm th}$ ) is diminished with increasing microwave power ( $V_{\rm ac}$ ), where the $V_{\rm th}$ - $V_{\rm ac}$ plots for varied frequencies fall on a single curve. We observed and theoretically analyzed a magnetic field $dependent$ renormalization of the applied microwave power, in addition to a magnetic-field $independent$ renormalization effect explained using an effective circuit approach of the array. Due to its high sensitivity to microwave power, the array is well-suited for on-chip detection applications in low temperature environments.The influence of radio frequency microwaves on the Coulomb blockade characteristics in small Josephson junctions was studied using a one-dimensional array of ten small Al tunnel junctions in the frequency range from 1 MHz to 1000 MHz. Coulomb blockade voltage ($V_{\rm th}$) is diminished with increasing microwave power ($V_{\rm ac}$), where the $V_{\rm th}$-$V_{\rm ac}$ plots for varied frequencies fall on a single curve. We observed and theoretically analyzed a magnetic field $dependent$ renormalization of the applied microwave power, in addition to a magnetic-field $independent$ renormalization effect explained using an effective circuit approach of the array. Due to its high sensitivity to microwave power, the array is well-suited for on-chip detection applications in low temperature environments.

Nov 3, 20190 citations

We have measured the current-voltage $(I\ensuremath{-}V)$ characteristics of small-capacitance single Josephson junctions at low temperatures

(T=0.02--0.6\mathrm{K}),

where the strength of the coupling between the single junction and the electromagnetic environment was controlled with one-dimensional arrays of dc superconducting quantum interence devices (SQUIDs). The single-junction $I\ensuremath{-}V$ curve is sensitive to the impedance of the environment, which can be tuned in situ. We have observed Coulomb blockade of Cooper-pair tunneling and even a region of negative differential resistance, where the zero-bias resistance ${R}_{0}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ of the SQUID arrays is much higher than the quantum resistance ${R}_{K}\ensuremath{\equiv}{h/e}^{2}\ensuremath{\approx}26\mathrm{k}\ensuremath{\Omega}.$ The negative differential resistance is evidence of the coherent single-Cooper-pair tunneling within the theory of current-biased single Josephson junctions. Based on this theory, we have calculated the $I\ensuremath{-}V$ curves numerically in order to compare then with the experimental ones at ${R}_{0}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{\gg}{R}_{K}.$ The numerical calculation agrees with the experiments qualitatively. We also discuss the ${R}_{0}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ dependence of the single-Josephson-junction $I\ensuremath{-}V$ curve in terms of the superconductor-insulator transition driven by changing the coupling to the environment.

{E}_{J}

. We find that the zero-bias conductance is dominated by a thermally activated hopping of Cooper pairs between neighboring superconductive islands with the activation energy of the order of $\ensuremath{\Lambda}{E}_{C}$, where $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ is the charge screening length in the array and

{E}_{C}

is the charging energy of a single SQUID.

V_{\rm th}

) is diminished with increasing microwave power (

V_{\rm ac}

), where the

V_{\rm th}

V_{\rm ac}

plots for varied frequencies fall on a single curve. We observed and theoretically analyzed a magnetic field

dependent

renormalization of the applied microwave power, in addition to a magnetic-field

independent

renormalization effect explained using an effective circuit approach of the array. Due to its high sensitivity to microwave power, the array is well-suited for on-chip detection applications in low temperature environments.